Publication Ethics
Metta: Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin, published by Jayapangus Press, is committed to maintaining high standards of academic integrity, research ethics, editorial independence, and responsible scholarly publishing. The journal promotes ethical research and publication practices across the humanities, social sciences, and management, including interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary studies within its established Focus and Scope.
The journal primarily publishes Original Research Articles and Review Articles. In addition, Case Studies and Literary Studies may be considered on a limited and selective basis, provided that they demonstrate substantial scholarly contributions, methodological rigor, and clear relevance to the journal's Focus and Scope.
This Publication Ethics statement establishes the ethical responsibilities of authors, editors, and reviewers throughout the manuscript submission, peer-review, editorial decision-making, publication, and post-publication processes.
The journal implements a single-blind peer-review system, in which reviewers are aware of authors' identities while reviewers' identities remain confidential. All parties involved in scholarly publishing are expected to uphold internationally recognized principles of publication ethics, including those promoted by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
1. DUTIES OF AUTHORS
Reporting Standards
Authors must present accurate, objective, transparent, and comprehensive accounts of their research. Manuscripts must clearly explain the research objectives, theoretical foundations, methodological procedures, principal findings, scholarly interpretations, and conclusions.
Original Research Articles must present original findings supported by credible empirical, theoretical, historical, textual, statistical, or other academically appropriate evidence.
Review Articles must provide accurate, systematic, and critical examinations of existing scholarly literature. Authors must explain the procedures used to identify, select, analyze, and synthesize relevant publications.
Case Studies must present systematic investigations of specific phenomena, institutions, organizations, communities, events, or practices supported by credible evidence and substantial scholarly analysis.
Literary Studies must present original textual interpretations supported by relevant literary materials, appropriate theoretical frameworks, and academically recognized analytical approaches.
All manuscripts must demonstrate clear relevance to the humanities, social sciences, management, or interdisciplinary research connecting these fields.
Authors must accurately represent their research data, findings, interpretations, and scholarly contributions. Fabrication, falsification, selective misrepresentation, misleading interpretations, or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical research and publication practices and are strictly prohibited.
Manuscripts must provide sufficient methodological information and scholarly references to enable readers to evaluate the reliability, credibility, validity, and significance of the research.
Data Access and Retention
Authors are responsible for maintaining the accuracy, authenticity, integrity, and appropriate documentation of research data and supporting materials.
Authors may be requested to provide original research data, relevant documents, analytical materials, or other supporting evidence for editorial assessment or verification.
Research materials may include quantitative datasets, interview transcripts, observation records, historical documents, literary texts, organizational records, institutional documents, analytical matrices, or other sources relevant to the research design.
Authors must retain research data and supporting documentation for a reasonable period following publication, consistent with applicable institutional policies, ethical requirements, and legal obligations.
Where appropriate and legally permissible, authors are encouraged to facilitate access to research data to support transparency, verification, and scholarly reproducibility.
Data sharing must respect confidentiality agreements, intellectual property rights, privacy protections, informed consent requirements, and restrictions applicable to sensitive or protected information.
Authors must not disclose confidential personal information, unpublished materials obtained under restricted access, or protected institutional data without appropriate authorization.
Originality and Plagiarism
Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts represent original scholarly work and make meaningful contributions to existing knowledge.
Any ideas, findings, theories, concepts, arguments, data, quotations, or interpretations obtained from previous publications or other sources must be appropriately acknowledged and cited.
Plagiarism includes presenting another person's work as one's own, reproducing substantial portions of published materials without proper attribution, paraphrasing existing scholarly works without acknowledgment, or claiming research findings produced by other researchers.
Self-plagiarism, inappropriate text recycling, duplicate publication, and the misleading reuse of previously published research are also unacceptable.
Authors must clearly distinguish their original scholarly contributions from ideas, arguments, findings, or materials obtained from other sources.
For Review Articles, authors must accurately acknowledge the original studies included in their analysis and avoid presenting previously published findings as their own empirical discoveries.
For Case Studies and Literary Studies, authors must appropriately identify and acknowledge primary materials, documentary evidence, literary works, and relevant scholarly interpretations.
All submitted manuscripts may undergo originality screening and editorial examination to identify plagiarism, inappropriate duplication, or other forms of academic misconduct.
Plagiarism in any form constitutes a serious violation of publication ethics and may result in manuscript rejection, withdrawal of acceptance, correction, retraction, or other appropriate editorial action.
Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication
Authors must not submit the same manuscript simultaneously to more than one journal or scholarly publication.
Manuscripts submitted to Metta: Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin must not have been previously published in substantially the same form or be under active consideration for publication elsewhere.
Redundant publication, duplicate publication, and the inappropriate fragmentation of research findings into multiple publications without sufficient scholarly justification are unacceptable.
Authors must disclose any substantial overlap between the submitted manuscript and their previously published or concurrently developed scholarly works.
Where research findings originate from a larger research project, authors must ensure that each manuscript presents a distinct research question, original analysis, and meaningful scholarly contribution.
Any legitimate reuse of previously disseminated research materials must be appropriately acknowledged and must comply with applicable copyright, licensing, and publication ethics requirements.
Acknowledgment of Sources
Authors must appropriately acknowledge all sources that have contributed to the theoretical foundations, methodological development, empirical analysis, interpretation, or conclusions of their research.
All references must be relevant, accurate, verifiable, and consistent with the journal's citation and referencing requirements.
Authors must not misrepresent existing scholarship, manipulate citations, include irrelevant references solely to increase citation counts, or omit essential sources in ways that distort the scholarly context of the research.
Information obtained through private communications, confidential correspondence, restricted institutional records, or other nonpublic sources must not be disclosed without appropriate authorization.
Materials obtained through confidential academic activities, including manuscript reviewing, research proposal evaluation, or institutional assessment, must not be used without the necessary written permission.
Authors conducting historical, literary, philosophical, religious, legal, sociocultural, or management research must appropriately identify and acknowledge relevant primary and secondary sources.
The journal expects all authors to practice responsible citation and maintain transparency in the use of scholarly evidence.
Authorship of the Paper
Authorship must be limited to individuals who have made substantial scholarly contributions to the conception, design, execution, analysis, interpretation, or preparation of the research manuscript.
All individuals who meet the journal's authorship requirements must be appropriately identified as authors.
Individuals who contribute to specific aspects of the research without meeting the criteria for authorship should be acknowledged as contributors where appropriate.
Guest authorship, honorary authorship, gift authorship, and ghost authorship are prohibited.
The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that:
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All listed authors have made appropriate scholarly contributions.
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All eligible contributors are properly acknowledged.
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No individual is included as an author without legitimate scholarly justification.
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All co-authors have reviewed and approved the final manuscript.
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All co-authors agree to the manuscript's submission and publication.
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Authorship information, institutional affiliations, and correspondence details are accurate.
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Any proposed changes to authorship are appropriately justified and communicated to the editorial team.
Changes to authorship after submission or acceptance must be supported by reasonable justification and are subject to editorial assessment.
All authors share responsibility for maintaining the integrity and accuracy of the published research.
Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects
Authors must ensure that their research complies with relevant legal requirements, institutional regulations, disciplinary ethical standards, and internationally recognized principles of responsible research.
Research involving human participants, including interviews, surveys, observations, experimental procedures, and other forms of human-subject research, must respect participants' dignity, autonomy, privacy, confidentiality, and safety.
Where required, authors must obtain approval from the appropriate institutional ethics committee or other authorized research ethics body before conducting the research.
Informed consent must be obtained when applicable, and authors must clearly explain the procedures used to protect participants' rights and personal information.
Research involving vulnerable individuals or communities requires particular attention to informed consent, confidentiality, cultural sensitivity, and the prevention of potential harm.
For research involving cultural traditions, religious practices, indigenous knowledge, historical materials, or sensitive community information, authors must respect applicable ethical obligations, cultural protocols, and access restrictions.
Research involving animals, hazardous materials, chemicals, specialized equipment, or potentially dangerous procedures must comply with relevant ethical, legal, and safety requirements.
Authors must clearly identify any significant risks associated with the research and explain the relevant ethical safeguards where necessary.
Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
All authors must disclose financial, professional, institutional, personal, or other relationships that could reasonably influence, or appear to influence, the research process, interpretation of findings, or preparation of the manuscript.
Potential conflicts of interest may include employment relationships, consultancies, institutional affiliations, financial interests, honoraria, research sponsorships, organizational involvement, patent interests, or other relevant circumstances.
Authors must disclose all relevant sources of research funding and financial support.
Funding organizations or sponsors must not improperly influence the research design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or presentation of findings.
Authors must disclose potential conflicts of interest at the earliest appropriate stage of manuscript submission.
The absence of conflicts of interest should also be declared when required by the journal's editorial procedures.
Disclosure of a conflict of interest does not automatically disqualify a manuscript from consideration. However, failure to disclose a significant conflict may constitute a violation of publication ethics.
Fundamental Errors in Published Works
When authors discover significant errors, inaccuracies, misleading statements, or other material problems in their published articles, they must promptly notify the editorial team of Metta: Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin.
Authors must cooperate with the editorial team in determining whether the identified problem requires a correction, retraction, expression of concern, or another appropriate editorial action.
If the editorial team receives credible information concerning a significant error or ethical problem from a third party, the authors must cooperate with the investigation and provide relevant evidence or clarification.
Authors must not conceal significant errors, manipulate supporting evidence, or obstruct legitimate editorial investigations.
Post-publication corrections must be evaluated according to the nature and significance of the identified problem, its implications for the reliability of the published findings, and the journal's applicable correction policies.
Post-Publication Corrections and Administrative Modification Fees
Metta: Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin is committed to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, reliability, and integrity of the scholarly record.
Substantive corrections necessary to preserve scientific integrity shall not incur any fees, regardless of whether the errors originate from authors, editors, or the publisher.
These include corrections of significant factual inaccuracies, methodological errors, data inconsistencies, incorrect research findings, authorship or attribution errors, and other issues affecting the accuracy, validity, or ethical integrity of published articles.
Such corrections will be handled in accordance with the journal's post-publication correction policy and applicable publication ethics standards.
An additional fee of IDR 1,000,000 per approved request applies exclusively to author-initiated, nonessential administrative modifications after publication that require additional editorial, technical, or production work.
These may include optional changes to nonessential publication metadata, contact information, or other administrative details that do not affect the scientific content, accuracy, authorship integrity, or scholarly validity of the published article.
All post-publication modification requests are subject to editorial evaluation and approval.
The editorial team will determine whether a request constitutes a necessary scholarly correction or an optional administrative modification.
Authors will be informed of any applicable administrative fees before the requested changes are implemented.
No fees shall be imposed for corrections required to maintain scientific accuracy, research integrity, ethical compliance, or the reliability of the scholarly record.
Corrections resulting from errors attributable to the journal or publisher will likewise be processed free of charge.
Editorial decisions concerning necessary scholarly corrections shall remain independent of financial considerations.
Approved corrections and modifications will be implemented transparently in accordance with the journal's post-publication correction policy and publication ethics standards.
Corrections that materially affect the published scholarly record must be appropriately documented to ensure transparency and maintain the reliability of the publication.
2. DUTIES OF EDITORS
Publication Decisions
The editorial team of Metta: Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin is responsible for determining which submitted manuscripts are suitable for publication.
Editorial decisions must be based on academic originality, methodological rigor, analytical quality, scholarly relevance, ethical compliance, and the significance of the manuscript's contribution to the humanities, social sciences, management, or related multidisciplinary fields.
The journal primarily considers Original Research Articles and Review Articles. Case Studies and Literary Studies may be accepted on a limited and selective basis when they meet the journal's established academic and editorial standards.
Editors must ensure that all manuscripts are assessed according to their disciplinary relevance, methodological appropriateness, and potential scholarly contributions.
Manuscripts that pass initial editorial screening are evaluated through the journal's single-blind peer-review process by at least one independent reviewer with relevant academic expertise.
Reviewer recommendations assist the editorial team in evaluating manuscripts but do not determine final publication decisions.
The final decision to accept, request revisions, or reject a manuscript rests exclusively with the authorized editorial team.
Editorial decisions must remain independent of financial considerations, institutional influence, personal relationships, and other inappropriate external pressures.
Editors must also consider applicable legal requirements, including those concerning copyright infringement, plagiarism, defamation, research ethics, and the protection of confidential information.
Fair Play
Editors must evaluate submitted manuscripts objectively, fairly, and consistently based on their intellectual content and scholarly merit.
Editorial decisions must not be influenced by an author's race, ethnicity, nationality, gender, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, political views, institutional affiliation, citizenship, or other personal characteristics unrelated to the scholarly quality of the manuscript.
All manuscripts must be assessed according to consistent academic standards while recognizing the methodological and disciplinary diversity of research in the humanities, social sciences, and management.
Editors must avoid favoritism, discrimination, personal criticism, and inappropriate interference in the peer-review process.
Every author must receive fair consideration and access to the journal's established editorial procedures.
Confidentiality
Editors and editorial staff must maintain the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts and associated editorial communications.
Information concerning a submitted manuscript must not be disclosed to unauthorized individuals.
Access to manuscript information must be limited to the corresponding author, authorized editorial personnel, assigned reviewers, potential reviewers, relevant editorial advisers, and the publisher when necessary for legitimate editorial purposes.
Under the journal's single-blind peer-review system, reviewers may know the identities of authors, while reviewers' identities must remain confidential.
Editors must protect unpublished research findings, confidential data, author information, reviewer identities, and editorial deliberations.
Submitted manuscripts must not be reproduced, distributed, or used for personal, professional, or institutional advantage without appropriate authorization.
Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
Editors must disclose any financial, professional, institutional, personal, or academic relationships that could compromise their impartiality in handling submitted manuscripts.
Editors must not use unpublished research materials, confidential information, or ideas obtained through manuscript submissions for their own research or personal advantage without appropriate written permission.
Editors who have actual or potential conflicts of interest involving authors, institutions, organizations, or research subjects must withdraw from the relevant editorial evaluation and decision-making process.
Where appropriate, the manuscript should be assigned to another qualified editor who can conduct an independent assessment.
Editors must require authors and reviewers to disclose relevant conflicts of interest and must evaluate whether such circumstances could compromise the integrity of the publication process.
Editorial decisions must not be influenced by submission fees, publication fees, sponsorship arrangements, institutional relationships, or other commercial considerations.
Any financial or administrative requirements associated with publication must remain separate from the academic assessment of manuscripts.
Editors are responsible for maintaining transparent and impartial editorial procedures.
Involvement and Cooperation in Investigations
Editors must respond appropriately to credible allegations or evidence of research misconduct, publication ethics violations, or significant inaccuracies involving submitted or published manuscripts.
Potential ethical violations may include plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification, inappropriate authorship, duplicate publication, undisclosed conflicts of interest, unethical research procedures, citation manipulation, or misleading representation of research findings.
When concerns arise, editors must conduct a fair, objective, and appropriately documented assessment.
The editorial team may contact authors, reviewers, relevant institutions, research organizations, or other appropriate parties to obtain clarification or supporting evidence.
Individuals involved in an investigation must be treated fairly and given appropriate opportunities to respond to allegations or concerns.
Where misconduct or significant errors are substantiated, the editorial team may take appropriate action, including manuscript rejection, withdrawal of acceptance, publication of a correction, issuance of an expression of concern, or retraction.
Editorial responses must be proportionate to the nature and seriousness of the identified problem.
Allegations of publication misconduct must be evaluated even when they arise after an article has been published.
Necessary corrections, retractions, expressions of concern, and other actions required to preserve research integrity must not be delayed or conditioned upon payment of administrative modification fees.
The journal is committed to maintaining the integrity, reliability, and transparency of the scholarly record.
3. DUTIES OF REVIEWERS
Contribution to Editorial Decisions
Peer review is an essential component of scholarly publishing and contributes to maintaining the academic quality, credibility, and integrity of published research.
Reviewers assist the editorial team by providing independent, objective, constructive, and academically justified evaluations of submitted manuscripts.
Reviewers must assess the originality, theoretical relevance, methodological rigor, analytical quality, scholarly contribution, and ethical compliance of manuscripts.
Evaluations must consider the disciplinary characteristics of research in the humanities, social sciences, management, or related multidisciplinary fields.
Reviewers may be assigned Original Research Articles, Review Articles, Case Studies, or Literary Studies according to their academic expertise.
For Original Research Articles, reviewers should assess research originality, methodological appropriateness, evidence quality, interpretation, and contribution to existing knowledge.
For Review Articles, reviewers should evaluate the quality of the literature selection, analytical procedures, critical synthesis, identification of research gaps, and originality of scholarly conclusions.
For Case Studies, reviewers should assess case selection, methodological transparency, supporting evidence, analytical depth, and broader theoretical or practical significance.
For Literary Studies, reviewers should assess the appropriateness of textual sources, analytical frameworks, interpretative rigor, scholarly originality, and contribution to disciplinary knowledge.
Reviewer recommendations are advisory. The final editorial decision remains the responsibility of the editorial team.
Promptness
Reviewers must undertake manuscript evaluations responsibly and within the timeframe established by the editorial team.
Reviewers are expected to complete their evaluations within two weeks of accepting a review assignment, in accordance with the journal's peer-review policy.
Reviewers who lack sufficient disciplinary expertise, identify potential conflicts of interest, or anticipate difficulties completing the evaluation within the specified timeframe must promptly notify the editorial team.
Reviewers must not accept assignments when they are unable to provide a timely, objective, and academically responsible assessment.
Where additional time is required, reviewers should communicate with the editorial team and obtain appropriate approval.
Timely peer review supports efficient editorial decision-making and the responsible dissemination of scholarly knowledge.
Confidentiality
All manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential scholarly documents.
Reviewers must not disclose, distribute, reproduce, or discuss submitted manuscripts with unauthorized individuals.
Manuscript content, unpublished findings, supporting data, and confidential editorial communications must not be used for personal research, professional advantage, or other purposes unrelated to the authorized review assignment.
Reviewers must not share manuscripts with colleagues, students, research assistants, or other individuals without explicit permission from the editorial team.
Under the journal's single-blind peer-review system, reviewers are aware of authors' identities, while their own identities remain confidential.
Reviewers must respect the confidentiality of the evaluation process and maintain professional integrity throughout the review assignment.
Standards of Objectivity
Reviews must be conducted objectively, fairly, critically, and constructively.
Reviewer evaluations must focus on the manuscript's academic content rather than the author's personal characteristics, institutional affiliation, professional reputation, or other irrelevant considerations.
Personal criticism, discriminatory comments, hostile language, and unsupported judgments are inappropriate.
Reviewers must provide clear, specific, and academically justified comments supported by relevant evidence or scholarly arguments.
Evaluations should address the manuscript's originality, research objectives, theoretical foundations, methodological rigor, data quality, analytical interpretation, scholarly relevance, and presentation.
Reviewers must recognize methodological diversity across the humanities, social sciences, and management.
Manuscripts must be evaluated according to appropriate disciplinary standards rather than being required to adopt research methods that are unsuitable for their particular scholarly objectives.
Reviewer comments should identify substantive strengths, methodological limitations, analytical weaknesses, and opportunities for scholarly improvement.
Reviewers must ensure that their recommendations are consistent with the journal's Focus and Scope, Author Guidelines, and publication ethics requirements.
Acknowledgment of Sources
Reviewers must examine whether manuscripts appropriately acknowledge relevant scholarly publications, theoretical contributions, empirical findings, and other research sources.
Reviewers should identify important scholarly works that have been overlooked when their inclusion is necessary to support the manuscript's arguments or interpretations.
Reviewers must report suspected plagiarism, substantial textual similarity, inappropriate duplication, unattributed borrowing, or other potential violations of academic integrity to the editorial team.
Recommendations for additional references must be academically justified and directly relevant to the manuscript.
Reviewers must not request unnecessary citations to their own publications or those of colleagues, institutions, or particular journals for the purpose of increasing citation counts.
All recommendations concerning references must support the scholarly quality, accuracy, and completeness of the manuscript.
Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
Reviewers must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest that could compromise the impartiality of their evaluations.
Potential conflicts may arise from professional relationships, institutional affiliations, research collaborations, financial interests, personal relationships, academic competition, or other circumstances involving the authors or their research.
Reviewers who identify conflicts of interest must promptly inform the editorial team and decline the assignment when impartial evaluation cannot be reasonably assured.
Reviewers must not use unpublished research findings, confidential information, or ideas obtained through peer review for personal, academic, commercial, or professional advantage.
Privileged information obtained during the review process must remain confidential.
Reviewers must not attempt to influence editorial decisions through personal relationships, institutional pressure, inappropriate citation requests, or other forms of unethical conduct.
Reviewers are expected to uphold the principles of confidentiality, independence, fairness, transparency, and academic integrity throughout the peer-review process.
Commitment to Publication Ethics
Metta: Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin is committed to maintaining responsible scholarly publishing practices through transparent editorial procedures, independent peer review, ethical research standards, and appropriate post-publication oversight.
Authors, editors, and reviewers share responsibility for ensuring that published manuscripts demonstrate originality, methodological rigor, intellectual integrity, and substantial scholarly contributions.
The journal recognizes that necessary scholarly corrections are essential to maintaining the accuracy and reliability of published research. Such corrections must be distinguished from optional administrative modifications and must not be subject to financial barriers.
Through these policies, Metta: Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin promotes ethical academic communication, editorial accountability, transparency, and the responsible dissemination of research across the humanities, social sciences, management, and related multidisciplinary fields.
