Collaborative Governance in the Management of the Nongsa Special Economic Zone (SEZ), Batam City

Authors

  • Lyona Ayu Nugraha Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
  • Rumzi Samin Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
  • Armauliza Septiawan Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37329/ganaya.v8i3.4345

Keywords:

Governance, Collaborative, Special Economic Zone

Abstract

The development of the Nongsa Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in Batam City is aimed at becoming a strategic hub for digital economy growth and creative industries. However, its implementation faces serious governance challenges, such as overlapping authority between the Batam City Government and the Batam Indonesia Free Zone Authority (BP Batam), inadequate supporting infrastructure, and low stakeholder engagement. This study aims to analyze the collaborative governance model in the management of the Nongsa SEZ using the framework of Ansell and Gash, which consists of four core components: starting conditions, institutional design, facilitative leadership, and the collaborative process. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method, utilizing in-depth interviews, document analysis, and participatory observation as data collection techniques. The findings reveal four main issues: power imbalances, exclusivity in institutional design, weak facilitative leadership, and suboptimal collaborative processes. These factors hinder the development of inclusive and sustainable collaboration. This study offers practical contributions by proposing a participatory collaborative forum and academic contributions by enriching the literature on collaborative governance in digital economy-oriented SEZ development in Indonesia. This study concludes that the governance of the Nongsa SEZ has not yet fully met the prerequisites for effective collaboration as defined by Ansell and Gash. Strengthening formal collaborative forums, enhancing the capacity of local actors, and aligning regulations across government levels are necessary to support participatory, integrated, and sustainable SEZ governance.

References

Aggarwal, A. (2023). How Special Are Special Economic Zones: Evidence from South Asia. World Economy, 46(8), 2361–2382.

Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative Governance In Theory And Practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571.

Anwar, J., Sidabutar, Y. F., Raymond, R., & Sitio, R. L. (2023). Nongsa Development as A Special Economic Zone. JMKSP (Jurnal Manajemen, Kepemimpinan, Dan Supervisi Pendidikan), 8(2), 882–894.

Aritenang, A. F., & Chandramidi, A. N. (2020). The Impact of Special Economic Zones and Government Intervention on Firm Productivity: The Case of Batam, Indonesia. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 56(2), 225–249.

Beierle, T. C., & Cayford, J. (2010). Democracy in Practice: Public Participation in Environmental Decisions. In Democracy in Practice: Public Participation in Environmental Decisions. Taylor and Francis.

Bingham, L. B., & O’Leary, R. (2014). Big ideas in Collaborative Public Management. Big Ideas in Collaborative Public Management, 1–306.

Booher, D. E., & Innes, J. E. (2017). Network Power In Collaborative Planning. Contemporary Movements in Planning Theory: Critical Essays in Planning Theory: Volume 3, 277–292.

BP Batam, B. B. (2024). Laporan Kinerja Badan Pengusahaan (BP) Kota Batam Tahun 2024.

Brand, R., & Gaffikin, F. (2007). Collaborative Planning in an Uncollaborative World. Planning Theory, 6(3), 282–313.

Busenberg, G. J. (1999). Collaborative and Adversarial Analysis in Environmental Policy. Policy Sciences, 32(1), 1–11.

Chaisse, J., & Dimitropoulos, G. (2021). Special Economic Zones in International Economic Law: Towards Unilateral Economic Law. Journal of International Economic Law, 24(2), 229–257.

Chen, J., Long, X., & Lin, S. (2022). Special Economic Zone, Carbon Emissions and the Mechanism Role of Green Technology Vertical Spillover: Evidence from Chinese Cities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(18).

Chen, Y., Ning, Y., Xu, Y., & Zheng, Y. (2024). Special Economic Zones and Firms’ Trade Regime. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade.

Cieślik, A. (2025). Political Economy of Special Economic Zones Location in Poland. Journal of Economics and Management (Poland), 47(1), 1–24.

Dalla, A. Y., & Hutabarat, F. N. (2018). Tumpang Tindih Kewenangan Pengembangan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Batam. Matra Pembaruan: Jurnal Inovasi Kebijakan, 2(2), 139–148.

Davies, R. B., & Mazhikeyev, A. (2019). The Impact Of Special Economic Zones On Exporting Behavior. Review of Economic Analysis, 11(1), 145–174.

Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T., & Balogh, S. (2012). An Integrative Framework For Collaborative Governance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(1), 1–29.

Fatimah, Z., Simamora, B. P., & Silitonga, F. (2022). Pemberlakuan FTZ di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Batam dalam peningkatan Pariwisata. JURNAL MEKAR, 1(1), 7–13.

Freeman, J. (1997). Collaborative Governance in the Administrative State. UCLA Law Review, 45.

Frick, S. A., & Rodríguez-Pose, A. (2022). Special Economic Zones and Sourcing Linkages with the Local Economy: Reality or Pipedream? European Journal of Development Research, 34(2), 655–676.

Kementerian Perkonomian, K. P. (2024). Indonesia SEZ . Secretariat General of the National Council for Special Economic Zones. https://kek.go.id/

Kutin-Mensah, F., Huang, D., Boateng, R. O., & Chiponga, R. (2017). Has the Special Economic Zone Approach Improve Ghana’s Competitiveness in the Global Market? Business and Economic Research, 7(2), 19.

Lynn, L. E. (2001). The Myth of the Bureaucratic Paradigm: What Traditional Public Administration Really Stood For. Public Administration Review, 61(2), 144–160.

Mugano, G. (2021). Critical Success Factors of Special Economic Zones. Special Economic Zones, 161–179.

Tafese, T., Lay, J., & Tran, V. (2025). From Fields to Factories: Special Economic Zones, Foreign Direct Investment, and Labour Markets in Vietnam. Journal of Development Economics, 174, 103467.

Wang, J. (2013). The economic impact of Special Economic Zones: Evidence from Chinese municipalities. Journal of Development Economics, 101(1), 133–147.

Zeng, D. Z. (2011). How do special economic zones and industrial clusters drive China's rapid development?. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, (5583).

Downloads

Published

21-06-2025

How to Cite

Nugraha, L. A., Samin, R., & Septiawan, A. (2025). Collaborative Governance in the Management of the Nongsa Special Economic Zone (SEZ), Batam City. Ganaya : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 8(3), 249–259. https://doi.org/10.37329/ganaya.v8i3.4345

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Article in Press

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Lyona Ayu Nugraha, Rumzi Samin, Armauliza Septiawan (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

An author who publishes in the Ganaya : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora agrees to the following terms:

  • Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
  • Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Author is  permitted and encouraged to post his/her  work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

Read more about the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.