Ganaya : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora
Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora is a journal published by Jayapangus Press which contains the results of research in the social sciences and humanities. The purpose of this journal is to publish and disseminate writings in the social sciences and humanities that can contribute to the development of science. Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora is published quarterly, in February, May, August, and November. Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora accepts writings in the form of quantitative and qualitative research from academics, practitioners, researchers, and students relevant to the topic of social science and humanities. e-ISSN: 2615-0913 (Online)
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Hubungan Keterlibatan Ayah Dengan Perilaku Seksual Pranikah Pada Remaja
Premarital sexual behavior among adolescents has become an important issue due to its potential psychological, social, and educational impacts. One factor that may reduce adolescents’ involvement in risky sexual behavior is father involvement, which includes emotional support, supervision, communication, and active participation in children’s development. This study aimed to examine the relationship between father involvement and premarital sexual behavior among adolescents at Immanuel Christian Senior High School in Medan City. This research employed a quantitative correlational design. The participants consisted of 105 male and female students who were currently involved in dating relationships and were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through Likert-type scales, including a 39-item premarital sexual behavior scale and a 40-item father involvement scale. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson Product-Moment correlation with the assistance of IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. The results showed a significant negative relationship between father involvement and premarital sexual behavior, with a correlation coefficient of r = -0.239 and a significance value of p = 0.014 (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that adolescents who experience higher levels of father involvement tend to show lower engagement in premarital sexual behavior. Low father involvement is associated with a greater tendency toward risky sexual behavior among adolescents. Father involvement contributes to adolescents’ behavioral regulation through guidance, supervision, and emotional closeness. In conclusion, father involvement plays an important protective role in reducing premarital sexual behavior among adolescents. This study highlights the importance of strengthening fathers’ active participation in adolescent development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muthiya Fatma Pulungan, Winida Marpaung, Nur Hidayah Darajat, Rina Mirza (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Komparatif Irasionalitas Ekonomi Pada Generasi Muda Berdasarkan Gender
Fulfillment of the needs of life demands that individuals should be able to choose the ideal economic decisions. The decision-making that individuals make to meet needs must be done rationally. When buying or using a product, individuals are supposed to assess and compare the quality of different brands, not just trust one option. The study aims to determine the comparison of economic irrationality behavior in the younger generation based on gender in Samarinda. The study used a quantitative approach with comparative analysis. The sample was 96 (48 men and 48 women) with respondents aged 16-30 years who were determined using the Lameshow formula with quota sampling technique. Data were collected through Likert scale research questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of averages and percentages as well as comparative analysis with different tests of Independent Sample t-Test. The results showed that the Independent Sample t-Test obtained a significance value of 0.332 with a value of p>0.05, so that the hypothesis stating the absence of differences in irrationality between men and women is accepted. The young generation of men and women in Samarinda City have high economic irrationality behavior in purchasing decision making which is influenced by emotional, attachment to the price of goods, personal views, and the influence of social media and the social environment without rational consideration related to the needs and benefits of products.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ava Putri Aurora, Ratna Fitri Astuti, Reza Reza, Sudarman Sudarman, Noor Ellyawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pola Konsumsi Masyarakat Kota Samarinda di Era Cashless Society
Consumption patterns are changing with the development of the cashless society era, which is characterized by the ease of digital transactions and the increasing use of online platforms in daily economic activities. In Samarinda, this convenience has the potential to influence how individuals manage expenses and determine consumption priorities. This study aims to analyze the consumption patterns of Samarinda residents in the cashless society era and identify the most dominant indicators in shaping consumption behavior. The study used a quantitative approach with a descriptive design. The sample consisted of 100 adult respondents aged 19–59 years old, determined using the Slovin formula with the sampling technique being accidental sampling. Data were collected through a Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics with the calculation of averages and percentages of data. The results of the study, which measured consumption expenditure indicators, changes in consumption over time, the intensity of use of goods and services, and purchasing behavior, showed that in general, the consumption patterns of Samarinda residents were in the very good category with 63% of respondents, followed by the good category with 36%, and only a small portion were in the very bad category. Community expenditure was dominated by basic needs and followed by savings habits. In addition, people tend to shop through online platforms with marketplaces as the main choice. In the purchasing process, people prioritize product quality and authenticity over other factors. These results indicate that Samarinda residents are still able to manage their consumption rationally and purposefully despite the ease of digital transactions. The most dominant indicator of consumption patterns is purchasing behavior, which reflects people's ability to control spending and make informed decisions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wahidatul Hidayah, Ratna Fitri Astuti, Reza Reza, Sudarman Sudarman, Noor Ellyawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Struktur Modal Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Moderasi Ukuran Perusahaan
This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability and capital structure on firm value with firm size as a moderating variable in food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2020–2024 period. The research used a quantitative associative approach with secondary data obtained from annual financial reports. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and resulted in 80 observation data. Firm value was measured using Price to Book Value (PBV), profitability using Return on Assets (ROA), capital structure using Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and firm size using the natural logarithm of total assets. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with SPSS. The results show that profitability (ROA) has a positive and significant effect on firm value, indicating that companies with higher profitability tend to have higher market value. Capital structure (DER) also has a positive and significant effect on firm value, reflecting that optimal debt utilization can increase investor confidence. Furthermore, firm size is proven to moderate the relationship between profitability and firm value with a weakening effect, meaning that the influence of profitability on firm value is stronger in smaller companies. However, firm size is unable to moderate the relationship between capital structure and firm value. The findings support signal theory and trade-off theory in explaining factors affecting firm value.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tristania Putri Aprilia, Riskin Hidayat (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengukuran Tingkat Financial Anxiety Dalam Kehidupan Gen Z Kota Samarinda
Individuals are at risk of facing uncertainty that can lead to financial anxiety if they lack proper financial planning. Financial anxiety arises from suboptimal financial management, a lack of budgeting habits, and a tendency to prioritize non-essential consumption. This study aims to measure the level of financial anxiety among Gen Z in Samarinda City and identify the most dominant indicators influencing it. The study used a quantitative approach with a descriptive design. A sample of 100 respondents aged 19–24 years was determined using the Slovin formula with an accidental sampling technique. Data were collected through a Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of averages and percentages. The results showed that the majority of respondents (68%) were in the high financial anxiety category, while only a small proportion were in the low and very low categories. The main causes include not being accustomed to budgeting and not recording expenses. The most dominant indicator is the inability to adjust expenses, as reflected in unplanned expenses, the absence of financial evaluations, and the absence of an emergency fund. Gen Z in Samarinda City still faces challenges in financial management that impact high financial anxiety, so it is necessary to improve literacy and discipline in financial planning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aura Aziza, Ratna Fitri Astuti, Reza Reza, Sudarman Sudarman, Noor Ellyawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Konstruksi Realitas Kasus Mecimapro Dalam Media Digital
The development of digital media has changed the way Indonesian people understand public events, especially cases that go viral. This study aims to explain how two digital media with different orientations, namely detikcom as a mainstream news portal and InsertLive as an entertainment media, present news about the Mecimapro case, a concert promoter who was once reported in the alleged embezzlement of funds amounting to Rp 10 billion related to the TWICE concert. This study uses qualitative content analysis with the Robert N. Entman framework for 10 news items. 6 from detikcom and 4 from InsertLive published in the period October 2025–February 2026. The results show that detikcom emphasizes more on legal and procedural aspects, including the chronology of the case and official statements from the authorities, while InsertLive emphasizes more on the human interest lens and the emotional side, personal narratives, dramatic elements, and the defendant's personal statements. These differences in presentation methods produce two different forms of understanding for readers, according to the editorial orientation and audience segmentation of each media. The findings of this study contribute to the study of digital media in seeing how information about viral cases related to popular culture and legal processes can be perceived differently by the public.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pingkan Kuntadewi, Puri Bestari Mardani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peran Tour Leader Dalam Manajemen Krisis Akomodasi Hotel Pada Penyelenggaraan Umrah
The implementation of modern Umrah pilgrimage services faces various administrative and operational challenges that may lead to accommodation crises for pilgrims. The implementation of the Nusuk platform and the mandatory possession of Tasreh documents require a more structured managerial preparedness from Umrah travel organizers to mitigate accommodation-related risks. This study aims to analyze the strategic role of Tour Leaders at Nida’ul Khoirot Tour & Travel in planning hotel availability and managing crises in the field using a qualitative case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with five key informants representing management, Tour Leaders, and pilgrims. The findings reveal two main results. First, the risk of accommodation failure can be mitigated through a strict full-payment policy prior to visa issuance and multi-layered administrative verification within the Nusuk application. Procedural compliance plays a crucial role in securing pilgrims’ accommodation rights and protecting them from unauthorized intermediary practices. Second, in responding to operational crises such as delays in hotel check-in access, Tour Leaders demonstrated tactical responsiveness by arranging temporary transit accommodations supported by flexible financial autonomy. Service quality optimization was further strengthened by the emotional intelligence of Tour Leaders, manifested through psychological compensation in the form of culinary tours during transportation delays and mobility assistance initiatives for elderly pilgrims. In conclusion, the reliability of administrative risk mitigation and the application of empathetic leadership by Tour Leaders contribute significantly to maintaining operational comfort, service quality, and the spiritual focus of pilgrims during the Umrah journey.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muna Ahda Sabila, Kurnia Muhajarah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Studi Kualitatif Terhadap Makna Kehilangan dan Regulasi Emosi Pada Remaja Dengan Pengalaman Motherless
The loss of a mother figure (motherless) is an experience that can affect adolescents’ emotional development, as mothers play a crucial role as sources of affection, emotional support, and a sense of security. The absence of a mother, whether physical or emotional, may lead to various psychological responses among adolescents. This study aimed to explore the meaning of maternal loss and the process of emotion regulation among adolescents experiencing motherless. A qualitative approach with a phenomenological method was employed. The participants consisted of three adolescents aged 15–21 years who were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that motherless was perceived as the loss of a figure who provides attention, affection, security, and emotional support. This experience evoked various emotional responses, including sadness, anger, disappointment, jealousy, loneliness, and feelings of neglect. Nevertheless, the participants demonstrated the ability to develop emotion regulation through various adaptive strategies, such as engaging in positive activities, seeking social support, developing acceptance of their circumstances, and strengthening their relationship with God through spiritual practices. The findings also indicated that social and spiritual support played a significant role in helping adolescents cope with loss and maintain emotional stability. It can be concluded that the experience of motherless not only generates complex emotional impacts but also encourages the development of emotion regulation skills and psychological resilience as part of the adaptation process to loss.
Copyright (c) 2026 Cindy Claudya, Diva Herla Aurellia, Felix Sebastian Hutagaol, Rina Mirza, Winida Marpaung (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Collaborative Governance Dalam Preservasi Jalan Merbabu Kota Sukabumi
Road preservation plays an important role in maintaining transportation connectivity and supporting socioeconomic activities in urban areas. The recurring damage to Merbabu Road in Sukabumi City indicates that infrastructure management requires not only technical interventions but also effective collaborative governance among stakeholders. This study aims to analyze the implementation of collaborative governance in the preservation of Merbabu Road using the collaborative governance framework of Ansell and Gash, focusing on stakeholder engagement, shared motivation, and capacity for joint action. A qualitative approach was employed through interviews, observation, and documentation, with informants selected using snowball sampling. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, consisting of data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that collaborative governance has been formally established through stakeholder involvement in planning, implementation, and monitoring activities. However, the collaboration has not yet been fully effective due to limited inter-agency coordination, budget constraints, fragmented information systems, delayed responses to community reports, and inadequate technical capacity. These limitations contribute to recurring road damage and hinder the sustainability of road preservation efforts. The study concludes that strengthening coordination, institutional capacity, information integration, and responsiveness to community participation is essential to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of road preservation in Sukabumi City.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mutya Firdaus, M. Rijal Amirulloh, Dian Purwanti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dinamika Komunikasi Interpersonal Pasangan Militer Dalam Pernikahan Hasil Perjodohan
Arranged marriages among military couples involve distinctive interpersonal communication dynamics because partners must develop intimacy after marriage while facing military demands, including mobility, assignments, limited time together, and long-distance relationships. This study aims to analyze interpersonal communication dynamics among military couples in arranged marriages and identify the interpersonal relationship patterns formed through communication. This research employed a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and documentation and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The findings show that emotional closeness between partners does not emerge instantly but develops gradually through adaptation, openness, discussion, compromise, and continuous communication. Couples manage differences in culture, character, habits, and perspectives through direct interaction and communication media when separated by military duties. The study reveals relational dialectical tensions, including openness and protection, autonomy and connection, as well as predictability and novelty. Family support and respect for parents strengthen the couples’ commitment to maintaining their marriages. Therefore, interpersonal relationships are constructed through understanding and adjustment. In conclusion, interpersonal communication serves as the foundation for building trust, managing conflict, strengthening emotional intimacy, and sustaining marital harmony among military couples in arranged marriages.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aurellia Calista Gunawan, Ratu Laura Mulia Baskara Putri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Pembinaan Fisik Dengan Kesiapan Personel Kantor SAR Mentawai Dalam Operasi Pencarian Dan Pertolongan Di Kepulauan Mentawai
Search and rescue (SAR) operations in the Mentawai Islands region demand optimal personnel readiness due to the area's archipelagic geography, dynamic weather conditions, and the high-risk nature of the operations. This study aims to analyze the implementation of physical conditioning, the level of personnel readiness, and the relationship between physical conditioning and the readiness of Mentawai Search and Rescue Office personnel for SAR operations. A quantitative approach using explanatory research was employed. All personnel served as respondents through a total sampling technique. Data were collected via Likert-scale questionnaires and documentation, then analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Spearman correlation test, and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The results indicate that all research instruments were valid and reliable, with a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.801. The Spearman correlation test revealed a significant positive relationship between physical conditioning and personnel readiness (r = 0.569; p < 0.001), categorized as a moderate relationship. EFA results showed the data were suitable for analysis (KMO = 0.533; Bartlett's Test p < 0.001) and identified 13 factors that cumulatively explained 70.163% of the data variance. These factors include physical conditioning intensity, rest patterns, lifestyle habits, hydration patterns, daily dietary habits, beverage consumption, nutritional awareness, supplement consumption habits, core muscle strength, speed, balance and leg strength, agility, and body endurance and strength. These findings demonstrate that physical conditioning is a factor associated with SAR personnel readiness; therefore, it must be implemented in a planned, structured, and sustainable manner to support the effectiveness of search and rescue operations.
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Syahrul Rezi, Fathin Aulia Rahman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas Program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) Bagi Balita Gizi Kurang di Puskesmas Karangtengah Kota Sukabumi
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Supplementary Feeding Program (PMT) for undernourished toddlers at the Karangtengah Public Health Center, Sukabumi City, for the 2025–2026 period. Utilizing a descriptive-inductive qualitative method combined with the effectiveness theory of Mutiarin and Zaenudin (2014), data were gathered through in-depth interviews with four key informants, field observations, and documentation. The results demonstrate a duality in program effectiveness. Operationally, the program was effective, as evidenced by smooth door-to-door distribution, high parental satisfaction, and a physical recovery rate of approximately 80% among the reached toddlers, measured by anthropometric indicators of weight gain and improved nutritional status. However, in terms of macro-effectiveness, the program was not fully optimal due to limited program coverage, which stagnated at 36.78% by the end of 2025 due to delayed budget realization, alongside clinical barriers such as comorbidities (Tuberculosis and congenital heart disease) in toddlers. The study concludes that while the program succeeded in distribution execution and direct recovery of the reached targets, it requires broader program coverage and integrated medical intervention in the upcoming period to achieve comprehensive macro-effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Richan Rifalzah, Yana Fajar FY. Basori, Andi Mulyadi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategi Merek Berbasis Identitas Lokal Kerajaan Kendan Pada Desa Wisata Citaman
Citaman Village, Nagreg District, Bandung Regency, holds potential in agrotourism, local historical tourism of the Kendan Kingdom, and culinary tourism, yet recorded only 614 tourist visits in 2024 due to a brand identity limited to a logo without an integrated system. This study aims to identify brand elements used by selected tourism villages in West Java as a reference for Citaman Village, analyze the causes of the suboptimal brand strategy, and formulate a local identity-based brand strategy. A qualitative approach was employed using the Strategic Design and Design Thinking frameworks. Data were collected through visual audits, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, then analyzed using thematic analysis, PEST, and SWOT. The findings indicate that: (1) selected tourism villages in West Java consistently implement six integrated brand elements encompassing brand identifiers, color palettes, typography, photography, graphic elements, and implementation across digital and physical media, (2) weakened community social capital including the absence of structured promotion, a tourism workforce regeneration crisis, and a generational shift in aspirations toward the industrial sector constitutes the root cause of the suboptimal brand strategy in Citaman Village, and (3) the local historical identity of the Kendan Kingdom fulfills the criteria of authenticity, uniqueness, and emotional relevance as a foundation for sustainable brand differentiation. Based on these findings, a Brand Guideline grounded in a visual identity system was formulated as both a social empowerment instrument and a strategy to build brand awareness. This study does not empirically measure tourist brand awareness, but rather formulates a strategy as a systematic foundation to be developed in future research.
Copyright (c) 2026 Made Ayu Adinda Prima Dewi, Wirania Swasty, Ira Wirasari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Eksistensi Dan Regenerasi Komunal Tari Baris Gede di Desa Adat Umeanyar
This research is motivated by the imbalance in the condition of the Baris Gede Dance at the Puseh Temple in Umeanyar Traditional Village. The physical preservation of the dance remains intact, but there is a weakening in the transmission of values ​​and fragmentation of symbolic meaning among the younger generation due to the process of modernization. The research aims to analyze the relationship between performative practices, symbolic structures, and the dynamics of regeneration challenges, and to formulate a model for cultural preservation at the local level. This study analyzes the relationship between performative practices, symbolic structures, the dynamics of regeneration challenges, and to formulate a model for cultural preservation at the local level. The research method used is qualitative with a case study design and an interpretive ethnographic approach, utilizing participant observation, in-depth interviews, and analysis of traditional documents. The results reveal three main findings: first, the formal physical continuity of the dance is very strong due to the support of customary regulations and collective obligations of ngayah; second, there are serious challenges to communal regeneration in the form of time desynchronization due to work mobility, incidental training, and the shallow internalization of the philosophical meaning of movements (nyongkok, matayungan) and local nomenclature. Third, an operational community-based preservation strategy (community-based safeguarding) is needed through the design of a structured training curriculum integrated with digital video tutorials, strengthening customary decisions (perarem), allocating special funding (dana dresta), and aesthetic control over modern cosmetics. In conclusion, the existence of sacred art is not solely measured by the frequency of physical performances, but rather by the effectiveness of the transmission of cultural and spiritual knowledge that adapts to the realities of modern youth in order to maintain the dance's taksu (spiritual power).
Copyright (c) 2026 I Putu Merta, Ida Bagus Wika Krishna, I Nyoman Raka (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Theatrical Dining Sebagai Strategi Penguatan Identitas Budaya Bali dalam Wisata Gastronomi di Gajah Putih Restaurant Ubud
Gastronomic tourism has emerged as an important strategy for preserving cultural heritage and strengthening destination branding. In Bali, this development is reflected in the implementation of theatrical dining at Gajah Putih Restaurant, which integrates culinary experiences with performing arts, cultural storytelling, and philosophical symbolism. This study aims to analyze the role of theatrical dining in strengthening Balinese cultural identity through a multisensory experience. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed using participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and literature review. The research site was purposively selected because Gajah Putih Restaurant consistently and systematically implements the theatrical dining concept. The participants consisted of ten tourists and one restaurant manager. Thematic analysis revealed that theatrical dining functions not only as a culinary innovation but also as a medium of cultural communication, in which Balinese cultural identity is represented through the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana, the symbolism of local food ingredients, ritual performances, and the active participation of tourists in co-creating meaning. This multisensory experience strengthens tourists' emotional connection with the local culture and creates a profound experiencescape. The study concludes that the integration of gastronomy and performing arts strengthens the representation of Balinese cultural identity, supports destination branding, and promotes sustainable tourism development.
Copyright (c) 2026 I Made Mahardika Jaya, I Made Gede Anadhi, I Gede Sedana Suci (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Investasi Generasi Muda di Kota Samarinda
The advancement of digital technology and easy access to various investment instruments have driven increased participation by the younger generation in investment activities. However, sound investment decisions depend not only on the desire for profit but are also influenced by various factors underlying the decision-making process. This study aims to analyze the factors shaping the investment decisions of the younger generation in Samarinda City. A quantitative approach with an explanatory research design was employed. The sample consisted of 96 young individuals aged 15–30 with prior investment experience, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected via Likert-scale questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with LISREL 10.20 software. The results indicate that the measurement model met goodness-of-fit criteria following model respecification, yielding 21 valid indicators that constitute the research constructs. Factor analysis identified four primary factors shaping the investment decisions of the younger generation in Samarinda City: setting investment goals, determining investment policies, selecting portfolio and asset strategies, and measuring and evaluating portfolio performance. These findings contribute to an understanding of the key dimensions underlying the investment decisions of the younger generation and highlight the importance of strengthening financial literacy and investment education, enabling young people to make investment decisions that are more rational, well-planned, and oriented toward long-term financial goals.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sarani Putri Jamdi, Ratna Fitri Astuti, Reza Reza, Sudarman Sudarman, Noor Ellyawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Representasi Masalah Sosial Remaja Dalam Novel Areksa Karya Ita Kurniawati
This study examines the representation of adolescent social problems in the novel Areksa by Ita Kurniawati. The novel portrays various adolescent issues, including family conflict, interfaith romantic relationships, and the influence of peer group subculture in the process of identity formation. This study aims to describe the forms of adolescent social problems presented in the novel and to analyze their relationship with social realities through the perspective of the sociology of literature proposed by Ian Watt. This research employs a qualitative approach using content analysis. The data consist of quotations of dialogues and narrative passages in the novel that reflect adolescent social problems. Data were collected through a literature study using reading and note-taking techniques and analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal three major forms of adolescent social problems: family dysfunction that leads to communication breakdown within the domestic sphere, the dynamics of interfaith romantic relationships influenced by social and religious norms, and peer group subcultures that function as alternative spaces for adolescent identity formation. These findings indicate that Areksa functions not only as a work of entertainment but also as a reflection of the social realities experienced by contemporary adolescents shaped by family dynamics, social norms, and peer group subcultures.
Copyright (c) 2026 Joy Grace Bestari Simamora, Nina Queena Hadi Putri, Alfian Rokhmansyah, Nia Novita Putri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Ekosistem Manajemen Talenta Dalam Pengelolaan Pengembangan ASN yang Profesional di Kota Bima
The implementation of talent management is a juridical-strategic instrument to manifest a meritocracy system aimed at achieving the professionalism of the Civil Service Apparatus (ASN). This study aims to analyze regulatory readiness and the institutional policy design of the talent management ecosystem in developing a professional Civil Service Apparatus in Bima City. The research method used is empirical legal research (socio-juridical) focused on the Regional Civil Service and Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM) of Bima City. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with key bureaucratic actors, observations, and a study of civil service legal documents. The research findings indicate that as an initial achievement, the Bima City Government has laid the foundation for the merit system, earning a "Good" predicate and initiating a competence-based career profiling program for 495 civil servants. However, during implementation, this ecosystem faces several obstacles, namely the absence of comprehensive local regulations, unintegrated civil service information technology databases, a limited number of assessors, and resistance from conventional work culture. As a policy design recommendation, from a juridical perspective, the formulation of a holistic Bima Mayoral Regulation is required to synchronize the management of the talent pool, alongside the restructuring of BKPSDM into a Talent Development Center. This policy recommendation is expected to offer future implications in ensuring legal certainty, objectivity, and career fairness for the Civil Service Apparatus.
Copyright (c) 2026 Miftahuddin Miftahuddin, Ridwan Ridwan, Musmuliadin Musmuliadin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Kesehatan di Puskesmas Tipar Kota Sukabumi
This study was motivated by several problems identified in the delivery of healthcare services at Tipar Community Health Center, Citamiang District, Sukabumi City. The study aimed to analyze service quality based on five dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, overt and covert observations, and documentation. Informants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling techniques, with five key informants initially chosen through purposive sampling. The results showed that the tangible dimension had not been effectively implemented because the available facilities, infrastructure, and service environment did not fully support patients’ needs. The reliability dimension was considered good, particularly in terms of the accuracy and ability of healthcare personnel to provide services in accordance with established procedures. The responsiveness dimension was categorized as fairly good, although the speed of responding to patients’ needs and complaints still required improvement. The assurance dimension was also considered fairly good because healthcare personnel were able to provide patients with a sense of security, certainty, and trust, although its consistency remained suboptimal. Meanwhile, the empathy dimension was fairly good, as reflected in the personnel’s friendliness, attentiveness, and willingness to understand patients’ needs. These findings indicate that the main strength of the service lies in the reliability of healthcare personnel, while its primary weaknesses concern physical facilities, response speed, and service consistency. Therefore, the quality of healthcare services at Tipar Community Health Center has not yet reached an optimal level. Improvements are particularly required in service facilities, responsiveness, assurance consistency, and individualized attention to patients to create more effective, comfortable, and community-oriented healthcare services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Malik Fajar, Rizki Hegia Sampurna, M. Rijal Amirulloh (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dinamika Fungsi Sosial Organisasi Kemasyarakatan Antara Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Praktik Premanisme Pada Era Desentralisasi di Indonesia
Mass organizations (Ormas) in Indonesia perform a paradoxical dual role in the era of decentralization: contributing positively to community empowerment while simultaneously transforming into institutionalized thuggery actors. This study analyzes the duality of Ormas social functions by examining four integrated dimensions: community empowerment, thuggery practices, factors driving role shifts, and the effectiveness of regional policies and government oversight. The study employs a systematic literature review with a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing content analysis and thematic synthesis of academic literature and regulations published between 2010 and 2025. The findings reveal that community empowerment operates through three patterns: solidarity-based social services, micro-economic strengthening, and skills training. Ormas thuggery is classified into territorial, functional, and political typologies that intersect in practice, constituting a self-reinforcing mechanism produced by the interaction of weak internal governance, decentralization incentives, and inadequate regulatory frameworks. The article argues that repressive approaches alone are insufficient; an integrated strategy combining institutional capacity-building, incentive-based regulatory reform, and strengthened public participation as external oversight is required.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bonefasius Bao, M. Rusdianto Abu, Anitha Nurak, Hendry Bakri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sinergi Polisi Dan Desa Adat Dalam Pelestarian Tradisi Megibung di Tianyar Karangasem
The megibung tradition is an intangible cultural heritage of the Karangasem people, embodying the values ​​of togetherness, equality, social solidarity, and the spirit of menyama braya. However, its sustainability faces challenges due to modernization, digitalization, declining participation of the younger generation, a shift in communal dining practices toward a buffet-style system, and increased attention to hygiene and sanitation post-pandemic. These conditions have the potential to weaken megibung's function as a medium for social integration and the transmission of cultural values ​​between generations. This study aims to analyze the existence of the megibung tradition, examine its symbolic meaning, and evaluate the role of the police, through the Bhabinkamtibmas (community police officers) in synergy with the pecalang (traditional community police), in preserving the tradition through the Sipandu Beradat mechanism in Tianyar Traditional Village, Karangasem Regency. The study used a qualitative interpretive approach with an ethnographic case study design. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews with eight key informants, and documentation studies. Data were then analyzed using thematic coding techniques with triangulation of sources, techniques, and time. The research results show that megibung still functions as a social institution that strengthens social solidarity, social capital, harmonizes relationships between residents, and transmits cultural values ​​through ngayah and mebat activities. This tradition also embodies the values ​​of Tri Hita Karana, Astadala, and Dewata Nawa Sanga. Furthermore, the synergy between pecalang (traditional village community leaders) and Bhabinkamtibmas (community police officers) through Sipandu Beradat (traditional village community leaders) plays a role in maintaining order, strengthening social control, and supporting the preservation of traditions without diminishing the autonomy of traditional villages. It is concluded that the sustainability of megibung requires strengthening the participation of the younger generation, implementing customary hygiene standards, and ongoing collaboration between customary institutions and the police.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ida Bagus Astawa, I Nyoman Suka Ardiyasa, I Nyoman Raka (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas Pelayanan Pembuatan Surat Izin Mengemudi (SIM) Menuju Era Digitalisasi di Kepolisian Resor Jayapura Kota
Public service is a fundamental manifestation of the state apparatus function in serving the community. Amid digital transformation, the Police must provide faster, more accessible, and transparent services. This study analyzes the effectiveness of driver's license (SIM) issuance services at the Jayapura City Resort Police (Polresta), focusing on the Digital Korlantas Polri application (SINAR/SIM Nasional Presisi). Rapid growth in vehicle ownership has heightened demand for SIM services, amid persistent illicit practices such as "SIM sistem tembak." Using a qualitative descriptive method, primary data were collected through in-depth interviews with eight purposively selected informants (four Satlantas officers and four community members) and two weeks of participatory observation. Secondary data were drawn from official police documents, Government Regulation No. 76/2020 on Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP), and relevant literature. Data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive model, with credibility secured through triangulation. Effectiveness was evaluated across four indicators: (1) effectiveness and efficiency; (2) clarity and certainty; (3) simplicity; and (4) openness. Results reveal that face-to-face procedures were adequate and aligned with PNBP regulations, though SOP implementation was inconsistent across officers. Fee information was posted, but proactive outreach was limited. Procedures were deemed simple, though first-time applicants needed guidance on the SINAR application. Most critically, three of four community informants had never heard of SINAR before visiting the service counter, indicating a gap in digital outreach. These findings contribute evidence on the challenges of digital policy implementation at the sub-national periphery and recommend multi-channel socialization and capacity-building for personnel.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lina Andayani, Peliman Ndibau, Sahriani Sahriani, Syamsudin Syamsudin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tautan Politik Dalam Wacana Revisi Undang-Undang Penanggulangan Bencana di Ruang Politik Digital
Despite the critical urgency of revising the Disaster Management Law after two decades of implementation, this policy reform has not been formally executed by the Parliament. This paper aims to analyze disaster governance through a political linkage approach to examine the political dimensions of disaster policy systematically. Using an interpretive qualitative method with digital discourse analysis, this study examines data sourced from YouTube webinar content involving the Parliament, Civil Society Organizations (CSOs), academics, practitioners, and the private sector. The research findings summarize various strategic policy reform proposals, encompassing aspects of institutional strengthening, mandatory budget allocation policies, the integration of Disaster Risk Analysis documents, and the reinforcement of social inclusiveness and local knowledge. The main contribution of this paper highlights the dominance of technocratic linkage within the relationship between CSOs and Parliament in the digital political space. This interaction demonstrates a slight shift from procedural democracy toward substantive democracy, focusing heavily on policy content depth and programmatic problem-solving.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sapto Setyo Nugroho, Agus Priyanto, Amir Syamsuadi, Fadli Afriandi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transformasi Sistem Pertunjukan Jegog Dalam Pariwisata Budaya
Jegog, a large bamboo musical ensemble originating from Jembrana, has increasingly expanded from communal performances into cultural tourism. This study examines the factors driving its transformation, the changes in its performance system, and the implications for cultural preservation and community identity in Kertha Jaya Pendem Customary Village. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach with ethnographic and phenomenological orientations. Data were collected from September to October 2025 through non-participant observation, semi-structured interviews with four key informants, and documentation, and were analyzed using an interactive model involving data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the transformation of Jegog is driven by internal factors, including regeneration, artistic creativity, changing group orientations, and limited resources, as well as external factors such as tourism demand, government facilitation, media exposure, and technological development. The performance system has changed through shorter duration, selective and communicative repertoires, rearranged sequences, faster tempo, strengthened visual choreography, more elaborate costumes and stage settings, shifts in performance spaces, and more interactive audience relations. These changes increase performance opportunities, public recognition, youth participation, and economic benefits, but may weaken cultural meaning when technical skills are transmitted without adequate historical, social, and customary understanding. The main finding is a two-context adaptation model, in which inherited conventions are maintained in customary and communal performances, while controlled innovation is permitted in tourism performances. This model demonstrates that transformation can support cultural preservation when the community retains authority over the boundaries and meanings of change.
Copyright (c) 2026 I Wayan Sunardi, I Nengah Bawa Atmaja, I Nyoman Raka (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Internalisasi Panca Sradha Dalam Kaderisasi Pejabat Perbendaharaan Pada Kantor Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Buleleng
The cadre formation of treasury officials in religious institutions requires technical competence and moral character because financial management concerns accountability, accuracy, and institutional trust. This study aims to analyze the internalization of Panca Sradha values in the cadre formation of treasury officials at the Office of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Buleleng Regency. The study employed a qualitative descriptive-interpretative approach. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation involving leaders, administrative managers, treasury officials, finance staff, prospective cadres, and Hindu personnel. Data were analyzed through reduction, classification, interpretation, verification, and triangulation using character education, value internalization, and stewardship perspectives. The findings show that Panca Sradha provides a moral-spiritual foundation for developing integrity, accuracy, self-control, responsibility, honesty, and trustworthiness. Internalization occurs through value communication, dialogue, exemplary conduct, mentoring, gradual assignments, document correction, supervision, evaluation, and work habituation. These processes strengthen procedural compliance, administrative prudence, transparency, timely reporting, courage to reject noncompliant documents, and willingness to correct errors. Karmaphala reinforces awareness of the consequences of actions, while belief in atman and moksa encourages self-control and a service orientation beyond personal interests. The findings reveal that cadre formation lacks a written system and remains dependent on senior officials’ experience, creating risks for competency continuity during personnel changes. The study concludes that Panca Sradha does not replace regulations or technical competence but complements them with a Hindu culturally grounded ethical foundation. Value integration, structured mentoring, written cadre standards, and continuous evaluation are required to prepare competent, accountable, and trustworthy stewards of public finance.
Copyright (c) 2026 I Gede Bagus Oka Arda Iswara, Ida Bagus Wika Krishna, I Wayan Gata (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategi Pelestarian Tradisi Makepung Berbasis Pariwisata Budaya Berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Jembrana
The Makepung tradition is a cultural heritage of Jembrana Regency with the potential to support sustainable tourism; however, its sustainability is threatened by low participant regeneration, high maintenance costs, and the impacts of agricultural modernization. This research aims to analyze the preservation condition of the Makepung tradition, identify the internal and external factors influencing it, and formulate a preservation strategy based on sustainable cultural tourism. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, followed by analysis using the Miles and Huberman interactive model and SWOT analysis. The matrix analysis results indicate an IFAS score of 2.82 and an EFAS score of 2.74, placing this tradition in the SO (Strength-Opportunity) strategy position. Based on this position, an integrated preservation strategy model is formulated resting on five main pillars: (1) cultural value preservation, (2) community empowerment, (3) institutional strengthening, (4) sustainable cultural tourism development, and (5) local economic sustainability strengthening through multi-stakeholder collaboration. In conclusion, implementing this collaborative and integrated preservation strategy not only safeguards the local cultural heritage from extinction but also has the potential to enhance the competitiveness of Jembrana Regency as a sustainable cultural tourism destination.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Putu Eva Samiastika Yanthi, I Nyoman Yoga Segara, Made Iwan Indrawan Jendra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Keberagaman Tenaga Kerja dan Budaya Organisasi Pada Proyek Konstruksi Jalan Nasional
Workforce diversity is an inherent characteristic of large-scale construction projects involving employees from diverse cultural backgrounds. This study aims to examine workforce diversity management in the Simpang Perdau–Batu Ampar Permanent Replacement Road Project in East Kutai Regency through the lens of organizational anthropology. A qualitative approach was employed using observation, in-depth interviews and questionnaires involving 18 informants comprising project management, local employees and non-local employees. The findings indicate that competency-based recruitment has created a multicultural work environment without using ethnic identity as a selection criterion. Organizational culture serves as a mechanism for social integration through professionalism, open communication, teamwork and a sense of belonging. Workforce diversity does not develop into ethnic conflict because organizational identity is more dominant than cultural group identity. Instead, diversity enhances team productivity by fostering the exchange of knowledge, experience, creativity and collaboration. These findings demonstrate that organizational culture effectively manages diversity as a form of social capital that promotes workplace harmony and improves organizational performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Susilo Catur Mulyawuri, Rina Hermawati, Rini S. Soemarwoto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Konflik dan Ambiguitas dalam Implementasi Kebijakan Penataan Pasar Wuring di Kabupaten Sikka
This study aims to analyze the implementation dynamics of the Wuring Market restructuring policy in Sikka Regency and examine how market expansion triggers governance fragmentation, legality contestations, and the transformation of local government authority. Employing a qualitative research methodology with a case study approach, primary data were gathered through interviews with key stakeholders, while secondary data were obtained from local policy documents, media reports, and Supreme Court Decision No. 209 K/TUN/2025. Guided by Richard Matland’s Ambiguity-Conflict Model, the findings demonstrate that the implementation of the Wuring Market policy underwent a sequential transformation from administrative implementation to experimental implementation, symbolic implementation, and ultimately political implementation. This shift was driven by the expansion of market functions that outgrew the initial policy design, emerging governance fragmentation, legal contestations over business licensing, and reassertive authority by the local government. This study highlights the necessity for adaptive and responsive regulatory frameworks in managing local economic spaces. Local governments should look beyond initial interventions and proactively anticipate spatial dynamics to prevent institutional conflicts. Theoretically, this article contributes to policy implementation literature by demonstrating how successful community-based programs can outgrow their original policy design and reshape the implementation environment on the ground.
Copyright (c) 2026 Avryana V.E.F. Baso, Eusabius Separera Niron, Veronika Ruba Pena (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transformasi Identitas Akademisi Menjadi Politisi
The transition of academics into electoral politics is often normatively interpreted either as an expansion of public service or as a threat to academic independence. Such a dichotomy overlooks the psychological mechanisms that connect professional identity, political ambition, and available political opportunities. This study aims to explain the process and motives underlying Nelson Pomalingo's transition from professor and university rector to political party cadre and elected regional head in Gorontalo, Indonesia. A qualitative single-case design with narrative analysis was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews conducted in 2022 and document review. The analysis reconstructed the chronology of the transition, identified recurring motives, and interpreted them using achievement, power, and affiliation needs, political efficacy, moral identity, and social capital. The findings indicate that the transition was not an abrupt career change. It developed through an interaction between academic and managerial achievements, confidence in decision-making capacity, moral responsibility for regional development, adverse political experiences, party recruitment, and accumulated organizational networks. Achievement and affiliation were subsequently directed toward the pursuit of legitimate political influence. The narrative of public service gave moral coherence to this pursuit, while social capital and party access made candidacy feasible. This case shows that an academic's political transformation is best understood as a gradual reconstruction of professional identity within a political opportunity structure, rather than as the effect of a single motive. The study contributes an integrative political-psychological explanation while remaining limited to one retrospective account.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bala Bakri, Muhammad Daud, Hilwa Anwar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategi Pengembangan UMKM Berbasis Inovasi dan Pemasaran Digital untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing di Kabupaten Lumajang
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a significant role in the local economy; however, MSME development in Lumajang Regency still faces limitations regarding innovation, packaging, marketing, and digital technology proficiency. This study aims to formulate development strategies for MSMEs based on innovation and digital marketing to enhance competitiveness. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, involving 30 MSME operators selected through purposive sampling. Data collection involved in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis, with data validation ensured through triangulation techniques. Thematic analysis was conducted using SWOT analysis, the Internal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS), and the External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS). Study findings indicate that key MSME strengths include product diversity, high-quality taste, and the use of quality raw materials. Conversely, major weaknesses include a reliance on offline advertising, unattractive packaging, limited product information, and low digital technology proficiency. IFAS results highlight product quality and legal compliance as the most prominent internal factors. Meanwhile, EFAS results reveal opportunities such as packaging innovation, expansion of offline and online marketing, training in management and digital marketing, and the development of MSME platforms that are currently underutilized. The strategies developed encompass strengthening product and packaging innovation, enhancing brand recognition, improving digital marketing skills, expanding market channels, and providing continuous mentoring to transform local product advantages into business competitiveness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Andri Aprian, Siti Asiyah, Dwiyani Sudaryanti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Saving Marital Relationships Beyond Love
Divorce rates in Indonesia, particularly in Central Java, remain very high, with a significant proportion happening among couples in their early years of marriage, a period frequently marked by adjustment difficulties and conflict. This study looks at the association between emotional intelligence and marital relationship quality among couples who have been married for less than five years in Central Java, Indonesia. A quantitative correlational design was used to collect data from 196 married people chosen through purposive selection. The Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) was used to measure emotional intelligence, and the Perceived Relationship Quality Components (PRQC) were used to measure marital relationship quality. Spearman's rank correlation was used to examine the data. The results showed that both male and female participants marital relationship quality and emotional intelligence were significantly and strongly positively correlated, suggesting that people with higher emotional intelligence typically have more fulfilling and stable relationships. These findings demonstrate how emotional intelligence plays a crucial role in promoting good communication, emotional control, and conflict resolution, which are critical in the early stages of marriage. Notably, this study adds empirical data to the comparatively unexplored field of Central Java early stage marriages. In general, it becomes clear that emotional intelligence plays a significant role in promoting marital quality and sustaining the stability of long-term relationships.
Copyright (c) 2026 Delima Aqiilah Ayu Zahra, Rulita Hendriyani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dinasti Politik dan Politik Uang Sebagai Pemicu Kerawanan Pemilu
This study aims to analyze the comparative of election vulnerability level in Tuban and Probolinggo Regencies, East Java in 2024. The selection of Probolinggo and Tuban Regencies as representatives of regencies with the lowest and highest Vulnerability Index in East Java according to the Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu). This study uses a quantitative research method by deriving research variables from the Election Vulnerability Index concept from Bawaslu. Based on this concept, it is derived into a variable of Election Vulnerability Level with a measurement of four dimensions, namely the socio-political context, elections administration, contestation, and political participation. The data collection technique carried out through interviews using questionnaires, observation and document data. Determination of the number of respondents using the Slovin formula of 100 respondents taken simple randomly from the voter list in each district. The results of the study show that Probolinggo Regency exhibits a moderate level of election vulnerability higher than Tuban Regency, particularly regarding indicators of power relations, political dynasties, mobilization and money politics, conversely, Tuban Regency predominantly into the low vulnerability category. This is also supported by results of the Mann-Whitney U statistical test of the election vulnerability level between the two regencies with Z analysis =-3,3 and Sig=0,001, using an alpha of 0,05, it can be concluded that there is a difference in the level of election vulnerability level between Tuban and Probolinggo Regencies. This study assert that a difference from the results of the Election Vulnerability Index conducted by Bawaslu in 2022. This is due to rapidly changing political dynamics and the influence of socio-political factors.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Kholifah, Ucca Arawindha, Indhar Wahyu Wiraharjo, Mohammad Fajar Shodiq Ramadlan, Siti Zurinani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Permainan Tradisional Anak Manggarai Sebagai Media Etnopedagogi Sosial-Kultural
Traditional children’s games are an important part of local culture, functioning not only as recreational activities but also as spaces for transmitting values and shaping children’s character. Amid social change and the growing dominance of digital culture, traditional games among Manggarai children face challenges to their continuity. This study aims to analyze the social and cultural values and philosophical meanings embedded in traditional children’s games in Manggarai and to examine their potential as a medium for culture-based education. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach conducted from April to July 2025 in Kolang, Pacar, Rego, and Rahong. Sixteen informants were selected through purposive sampling, consisting of eight adults and eight children. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation and were analyzed thematically through data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The findings show that traditional games, including Pande Ipang, Likiliang, Pasang Tepeng, Tali Merdeka, Paki Mangka, Teka Watu, and Banga Welu, provide spaces for social learning through which children directly experience cooperation, discipline, sportsmanship, solidarity, responsibility, honesty, patience, and fairness through game rules, role distribution, turn-taking, strategic interaction, and acceptance of winning and losing. The games also function as a medium of enculturation by introducing children to Manggarai cultural identity and communal values through lived play experiences. Philosophically, traditional games represent a miniature of social life that brings together individual and communal interests, freedom and rules, and competition and solidarity. The study concludes that traditional games constitute a form of ethnopedagogy that remains relevant to character education and the preservation of cultural identity and should therefore be contextually integrated into local-content learning, character education, and community-based cultural programs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alexander Jebadu, Bernardus Raho, Emanuela Tey Dona Hendriques, Antonius Mbukut (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0