Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Flipped Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa

Authors

  • Yogi Prasetyo Universitas Negeri Jakarta
  • Yurniwati Yurniwati Universitas Negeri Jakarta
  • Nurjannah Nurjannah Universitas Negeri Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37329/cetta.v8i1.3854

Keywords:

Critical Thinking, Problem Based Learning, Flipped Classroom

Abstract

Critical thinking skills are one of the essential abilities that every student needs to possess in order to face the challenges of the ever-changing times. However, the opposite is often found, as various difficulties and obstacles lead to low levels of students' critical thinking skills. This study aims to analyze the effect of the flipped Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students' critical thinking skills in fifth-grade mathematics at elementary schools. The method employed was experimental (quasi-experiment) with a posttest-only control group design. Data were collected using a test instrument in the form of essay questions. Data analysis was conducted through normality tests, homogeneity tests, and t-tests to examine the differences in the average critical thinking skills of each group, assisted by SPSS version 27. The t-test results showed a significance value of 0.012, which is lower than 0.05, indicating that the hypothesis is accepted. The findings revealed a significant difference in students' critical thinking skills between the group using the flipped PBL model and the group using the expository model. This research demonstrates that students who learned using the flipped PBL model exhibited better critical thinking skills compared to those who learned using the expository model.

References

Abdulah, A., Mustadi, A., & Fitriani, W. (2021). PBL-Based Interactive Multimedia in Improving Critical Thinking Skills. JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia), 10(1), 136.

Andrade, M., & Coutinho, C. (2017). Implementing Flipped Classroom In Blended Learning Environments: A Proposal Based On The Cognitive Flexibility Theory. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 28(2), 109–126.

Anggito, A., Pujiastuti, P., & Gularso, D. (2021). The Effect of Video Project-Based Learning on Students’ Critical Thinking Skills during the Covid-19 Pandemic. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 13(3), 1858–1867.

Arends, R. I. (2012). Learning to Teach (9th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Ari, S., Sarah, I., & Mela, M. P. (2022). Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Flipped Clasroom. Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 11(4), 2787–2798.

Bergmann, J., & Sams, A. (2012). Flip Your Classroom: Reach Every Student In Every Class Every Day. Washington, DC: International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE)

Changwong, K., Sukkamart, A., & Sisan, B. (2018). Critical Thinking Skill Development: Analysis Of A New Learning Management Model For Thai High Schools. Journal of International Studies, 11(2), 37–48.

Chueh, H. E., & Kao, C. Y. (2024). Exploring The Impact Of Integrating Problem Based Learning And Agile In The Classroom On Enhancing Professional Competence. Heliyon, 10(3), e24887.

Chueh, H., & Kao, C. (2024). Heliyon Exploring The Impact Of Integrating Problem Based Learning And Agile In The Classroom On Enhancing Professional Competence. Heliyon, 10(3), e24887.

Chusni, M. M., Saputro, S., Suranto, & Budi, S. (2021). The Potential of Curriculum 2013 in Improving Critical Thinking Skills and Entrepreneurship Competency: Case Study in Indonesia. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 24(1), 1–6.

Darhim, Prabawanto, S., & Susilo, B. E. (2020). The Effect of Problem-based Learning and Mathematical Problem Posing In Improving Student’s Critical Thinking Skills. International Journal of Instruction, 13(4), 103–116.

Divjak, B., Rienties, B., Iniesto, F., Vondra, P., & Žižak, M. (2022). Flipped Classrooms In Higher Education During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Findings And Future Research Recommendations. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 19(1).

Dwyer, C. P., Hogan, M. J., & Stewart, I. (2014). An Integrated Critical Thinking Framework for the 21st Century. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 12, 43–52.

Facione, P. A. (2015). Critical Thinking: What it is and Why it Counts. Millbrae, CA: Insight Assessment.

Fitriani, H., Asy’Ari, M., Zubaidah, S., & Mahanal, S. (2018). Critical Thinking Disposition of Prospective Science Teachers at IKIP Mataram, Indonesia. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1108(1).

Fuad, N. M., Zubaidah, S., Mahanal, S., & Suarsini, E. (2017). Improving Junior High Schools’ Critical Thinking Skills Based On Test Three Different Models Of Learning. International Journal of Instruction, 10(1), 101–116.

Gawise, G., Tarno, T., & Lestari, A. A. (2021). Efektifitas Pembelajaran Model Flipped Clasrooom masa Pandemi Covid -19 terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa di Sekolah Dasar. Edukatif : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(1), 246–254.

Hakim, A. N., & Yulia, L. (2024). Dampak Teknologi Digital Terhadap Pendidikan Saat Ini. Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Dan Humaniora, 3(1), 145–163.

Handayani, A., & Koeswanti, H. D. (2021). Meta-Analisis Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif. Jurnal Basicedu, 5(3), 1349–1355.

Haryanto, H., Ghufron, A., Suyantiningsih, S., & Kumala, F. N. (2022). Cypriot Journal of Educational: The Correlation Between Digital Literacy And Parents’ Roles Towards Elementary School Students’ Critical Thinking. 17(8), 2811–2822.

Inayah, S., Septian, A., & Komala, E. (2021). Efektivitas Model Flipped Classroom Berbasis Problem Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis. Wacana Akademika: Majalah Ilmiah Kependidikan, 5(November), 138–144.

Islamiya, H. A. (2022). Analisis Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Flipped Classroom Berbantuan Pear Deck. May, 342–351.

Kozikoğlu, İ., & Babacan, N. (2019). The Investigation of the Relationship Between Turkish EFL Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge Skills And Attitudes Towards Technology. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 20–33.

Kumala, F. N., Dwi Yasa, A., & Dandy Samudra, R. (2022). Elementary Clarification Analysis (Critical Thinking Skill) Elementary School Students Based on Grade and Learning Method. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 6(3), 459–467.

Lestari, H., Sopandi, W., Sa’ud, U. S., Musthafa, B., Budimansyah, D., & Sukardi, R. R. (2021). The Impact Of Online Mentoring In Implementing Radec Learning To The Elementary School Teachers’ Competence In Training Students’ Critical Thinking Skills: A Case Study During Covid-19 Pandemic. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 10(3), 346–356.

Long, T., Logan, J., & Waugh, M. (2016). Students’ Perceptions of the Value of Using Videos as a Pre-class Learning Experience in the Flipped Classroom. TechTrends, 60(3), 245–252.

Mapeala, R., & Siew, N. M. (2015). The Development and Validation of a Test of Science Critical Thinking For Fifth Graders. SpringerPlus, 4(1), 1–13.

Mercy, A., Lapuz, E., & Fulgencio, M. N. (2020). Improving the Critical Thinking Skills of Secondary School Students using Problem-Based Learning. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research, 4(1), 1–7.

Mulyanto, H., Gunarhadi, G., & Indriayu, M. (2018). The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Student Mathematics Learning Outcomes Viewed from Critical Thinking Skills. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 3(2), 37–45.

Nouri, J. (2016). The Flipped Classroom: For Active, Effective And Increased Learning Especially For Low Achievers. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 13(1).

Nurhasanah, L. A. (2021). Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa Kelas VII Melalui Model Flipped Classroom. Maju, 8(1), 425.

Oktarina, R., Giatman, M., Muskhir, M., & Effendi, H. (2021). The Effect of The Use of Multimedia Flip Book With the Flipped Classroom Approach in Vocational School. Journal of Education Technology, 5(1), 159–166.

Palavan, Ö. (2020). The Effect Of Critical Thinking Education On The Critical Thinking Skills And The Critical Thinking Dispositions Of Preservice Teachers. Educational Research and Reviews, 15(10), 606–627.

Pramesti, A. G., Adrian, Q. J., & Fernando, Y. (2022). Perancangan UI/UX Pada Aplikasi Pemesanan Buket Menggunakan Metode User Centered Design. Jurnal Informatika Dan Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak (JATIKA), 3(2), 179–184.

Priyadi, R., Mustajab, A., Tatsar, M. Z., & Kusairi, S. (2018). Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA Kelas X MIPA dalam Pembelajaran Fisika. JPFT (Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Tadulako Online), 6(1), 53.

Rahmawati, H., Pujiastuti, P., & Cahyaningtyas, A. P. (2023). Kategorisasi Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas Empat Sekolah Dasar di SD se-Gugus II Kapanewon Playen, Gunung Kidul. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan, 8(1), 88–104.

Ramadhani, R. (2019). The Effect Of Flipped-Problem Based Learning Model Integrated With Lms-Google Classroom For Senior High School Students. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 7(2), 137–158.

Ramadhanti, F. T., Juandi, D., & Jupri, A. (2022). Pengaruh Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Matematis Siswa. AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 11(1), 667–682.

Rosmalinda, N., Syahbana, A., & Nopriyanti, T. D. (2021). Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Smp Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal-Soal Tipe Pisa. Transformasi : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Dan Matematika, 5(1), 483–496.

Saepuloh, D., Sabur, A., Lestari, S., & Mukhlishoh, S. U. (2021). Improving Students’ Critical Thinking and Self-Efficacy by Learning Higher Order Thinking Skills Through Problem Based Learning Models. JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia), 10(3), 495.

Sanjaya, W. (2010). Strategi Pembelajaran Berbasis Kompetensi: Konsep dan Implementasi. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.

Sari, T. A., Hidayat, S., & Harfian, B. A. A. (2018). Analisis Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Sma Di Kecamatan Kalidoni Dan Ilir Timur Ii. Bioma : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 7(2), 183–195.

Sarwastuti, H. T., & Yoppy, W. P. (2023). Pengaruh Problem Based Learning Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Materi Lingkaran. Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 12(1), 473–482.

Sianturi, A., Natalia, T., & Marta, F. (2018). Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa SMPN 5 Sumbul. UNION: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 6(1), 29–42.

Sinta, A. D., I Wayan, S., & Rai, S. (2020). Pengaruh Model Problem Based-learning dengan Flipped Classroom terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif. Jurnal Kependidikan, 4(1), 83–98.

Sukowati, V. P., & Harjono, N. (2023). Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas V SD. JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(12), 10641–10646.

Suryani, I., Senam, & Wilujeng, I. (2020). Analysis of Junior High School student’s critical thinking skills integrated with the local potential of eremerasa nature tourism. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1440(1).

Susanto, T. T. D., Dwiyanti, P. B., Marini, A., Sagita, J., Safitri, D., & Soraya, E. (2022). E-Book with Problem Based Learning to Improve Student Critical Thinking in Science Learning at Elementary School. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 16(20), 4–17.

Syazali, M., Putra, F. G., Rinaldi, A., Utami, L. F., Widayanti, W., Umam, R., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2019). Partial Correlation Analysis Using Multiple Linear Regression: Impact On Business Environment Of Digital Marketing Interest In The Era Of Industrial Revolution 4.0. Management Science Letters, 9(11), 1875–1886.

Tsai, C. W., Shen, P. Di, & Lu, Y. J. (2015). The Effects Of Problem-Based Learning With Flipped Classroom On Elementary Students’ Computing Skills: A Case Study Of The Production of Ebooks. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education, 11(2), 32–40.

Ulger, K. (2018). The Effect of Problem-based Learning On The Creative Thinking And Critical Thinking Disposition Of Students In Visual Arts Education. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 12(1), 3–6.

Umam, K., Nusantara, T., Parta, I. N., Hidayanto, E., & Mulyono, H. (2019). An Application Of Flipped Classroom In Mathematics Teacher Education Programme. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 13(3), 68–80.

Wale, B. D., & Bishaw, K. S. (2020). Effects of Using Inquiry-based Learning on EFL Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 5(1).

Wardani, P. S. (2017). The Effect of Problem Based Learning Instruction on Students Science Process Skills in Physics. 200(Aisteel), 368–372.

Wijayanti, R., & Siswanto, J. (2020). Profil Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA pada Materi Sumber-sumber Energi. Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran Fisika, 11(1), 109–113.

Yuliana, Wijayanti, S., & Yuwono, M. R. (2022). Tantangan Pembelajaran Matematika Mobile Problem Based Learning (MPBL) Pada Flipped Classroom Untuk Membangun Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa. AKSIOMA: Jurnal Matematika Dan Pendidikan Matematika, 13(1), 101–118.

Zhou, Z. (2018). An Empirical Study on the Influence of PBL Teaching Model on College Students’ Critical Thinking Ability. English Language Teaching, 11(4), 15.

Downloads

Published

11-01-2025

How to Cite

Prasetyo, Y., Yurniwati, Y., & Nurjannah, N. (2025). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Flipped Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa . Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 8(1), 183–194. https://doi.org/10.37329/cetta.v8i1.3854

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Yogi Prasetyo, Yurniwati Yurniwati, Nurjannah Nurjannah

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

An author who publishes in the Cetta : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan agrees to the following terms:

  • Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
  • Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Author is  permitted and encouraged to post his/her  work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

Read more about the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.