Improving Students’ Vocabulary Ability Through Keyword Technique (Action Research at Class XI MIA 2 of SMA Negeri 5 Kendari)
Abstract
This research investigates the improvement of students’ vocabulary ability by applying Keyword Technique at class XI MIA 2 of SMA Negeri 5 Kendari. It aims to find out whether teaching vocabulary by employing the Keyword technique can improve the students’ vocabulary ability or not. This research focuses on solving the students’ problem vocabulary in definition (find out and recognize the meaning of the word) as the major problem in that class based on the preliminary research. This research used a classroom action research (CAR) as a method which requires four stages such as planning, action, observation and reflection. Two cycles are administrated during the application of this research, where each of them consists of three meetings. In collecting data and information, researcher uses some instrument such as field note and vocabulary test. The planned target of this study is 75% of the students can obtain the bench score 75 at minimum. As a result, students’ vocabulary improved after applying keyword as a strategy of learning in the classroom.
References
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Atkinson, R. C. 1975. Mnemotechnics in second-language learning.American Psychologist, 30(8), 821-828.Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://psynet.apa.org/psycinfo/1975-30979-001
Atkinson, R.C., &Raugh, M.R. 1975.An Application of the mnemonic keyword method to the acquisition of a Russian Vocabulary. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and memory, 104, 126-133.Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://psycnet.apa.org/journal/126.pdf
Aureli,M,D. 2011. A thesis : a study of vocabulary acquisition in fifth grade in Southern New Jersey. Rowan University.Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://dspace.rowan.edu/bitstream/handle/10927/84/aurelid-t.pdf?sequence=4
Baleghizadeh,S and Ashoori, A. 2010. The effect of keyword and word list method on immediate vocabulary retention of EFL learners: Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences 30(2). Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://www.bzu.edu.pk/PJSS/Vol30No22010/Final_PJSS-30-2-06.pdf
Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. 1972. Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal ofVerbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11, 671-684.Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://www.numyspace.co.uk/~unn_tsmc4/prac/labs/depth/craiklock.pdf
Chen, Y. M. 2006. The effect of keyword method on English vocabulary long-term retention of elementary school students in Taiwan.Unpublished Master Thesis. Department of Applied English, Southern Taiwan University
Coxhead,A. 2000.A new academic word list. TESOL Quarterly.
Darminah, et all. 2008. Modul: PengembanganKurikulumdanpembelajaranBahasaInggris. Jakarta: Universitas Terbuka
Dingle, Kate & Lebedev, J.R. 2008.Vocabulary Power: practicing essential words. Pearson Education, Inc.
Djamal, M.,et all. 2005. Improving reading skill in English. Kencana Prenada Media Group. Jakarta
Gay,L.R et all. 2006. Educational Research: competencies for analysis and applications (8th ed). Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall.Columbus,Ohio.
Harmer, J. 1993.The Practice of English Language teaching. Longman
Holek, H. 1981. Autonomy and Foreign Language Learning.Oxford: Pergamon.
Hopkins, D. 1985. A Teacher Guide Classroom Research. Open University Press: Philadelpina
Kamil, M.L., and E.H. Hiebert. 2005. Teaching and learning vocabulary: Perspectives and persistent issues. In E.H. Hiebert and M.L. Kamil (eds.), Teaching and learning vocabulary: Bringing research to practice. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
KEMENDIKBUD. 2013. Pendidikan dan Latihan Profesi Guru tahun 2013: Modul PLPG Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Jakarta
_______________. 2014. Bahasa Inggris SMA/MA Kelas XI Sememster 1. Jakarta
Lestari, D.T. 2012. Improving year-two students’ vocabulary under boomerang technique at SMAN 4 Kendari.A thesis.UHO. Unpublished
Nation, I.S.P. 1990. Teaching and Learning Vocabulary (New York: Heinle&HeinlePublisers
__________. 2001. Learning vocabulary in another language. Cambridge university press: Cambridge
__________.2002.Managing vocabulary learning. SEAMEO regional language centre: Singapore
__________. 2009. Teaching ESL/EFL reading and writing.Routledge. New York
Nakata, T. 2006. Implementing optimal spaced learning for English vocabulary learning: Towards improvement of the low-first method derived from the reactivation theory.The JALT CALL Journal, 2(2).Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://journal.jaltcall.org/articles/2_2_Nakata.pdf
Nunan, D. 1991. Research methods in language learning. Cambridge university press: Cambridge.
_______. 2003. Practical English Language Teaching. McGraw-Hill international Edition.
Mastropieri,M.A.,&Scruggs,T.E. et all.1991.Teaching Abstract vocabulary with the keyword method: effects on recall and comprehension. Journal Of Learning Disabilities, 23 (2). Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://ldx.sagepub.com/content/23/2/92.abstract
Palumbo, A. &Loiacono,V. 2009.Understanding The causes of intermediate and middle school comprehension problems. International Journal Of Special Education, 24 (1),75‐81.Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://blogs.ubc.ca/prattetec511/files/2010/09/ETEC-511-Dennis-Pratt-Special-Needs-Paper.docx
Richards, J & Renandya, W. 2003.Methodology in language teaching : an anthology of current practice.Cambridge Press. Cambridge
Siringganjanavong, V .2013. The mnemonic keyword method: effects on the vocabulary acquisition and retention. Published by Canadian of science education: ELT 6(10).Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/elt/article/viewFile/30156/17863
Stahl, S.A. 2005. Four problems with teaching word meanings (and what to do to make vocabulary an integral part of instruction). In E.H. Hiebert and M.L. Kamil (eds.), Teaching and learning vocabulary: Bringing research to practice. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Sudjinah.1980. Materi Pokok Penilaian. Jakarta. Depdikbud
Tavakoli, M & Gerami, E .2011. The effect of keyword and pictorial method on EFL learner’ vocabulary learning and retention. University of Isfahan, Iran.
Ur, Penny. 2003. A course in language teaching: practice and theory. Cambridge university press: Cambridge
Wallace, M. 1988. Action Research for language teacher. Cambridge University Press
_________. 2001. Practical Language Teaching: Teaching Vocabulary. Cambridge University press
YongqiGu, P. 2003. Vocabulary learning in second language: Person, task, contextand strategies.TESL-EJ, 7(2). Retrieved October 3, 2014, from http://www-writing.berkeley.edu/TESL-EJ/ej26/a4.html
Atkinson, R. C. 1975. Mnemotechnics in second-language learning.American Psychologist, 30(8), 821-828.Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://psynet.apa.org/psycinfo/1975-30979-001
Atkinson, R.C., &Raugh, M.R. 1975.An Application of the mnemonic keyword method to the acquisition of a Russian Vocabulary. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and memory, 104, 126-133.Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://psycnet.apa.org/journal/126.pdf
Aureli,M,D. 2011. A thesis : a study of vocabulary acquisition in fifth grade in Southern New Jersey. Rowan University.Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://dspace.rowan.edu/bitstream/handle/10927/84/aurelid-t.pdf?sequence=4
Baleghizadeh,S and Ashoori, A. 2010. The effect of keyword and word list method on immediate vocabulary retention of EFL learners: Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences 30(2). Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://www.bzu.edu.pk/PJSS/Vol30No22010/Final_PJSS-30-2-06.pdf
Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. 1972. Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal ofVerbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11, 671-684.Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://www.numyspace.co.uk/~unn_tsmc4/prac/labs/depth/craiklock.pdf
Chen, Y. M. 2006. The effect of keyword method on English vocabulary long-term retention of elementary school students in Taiwan.Unpublished Master Thesis. Department of Applied English, Southern Taiwan University
Coxhead,A. 2000.A new academic word list. TESOL Quarterly.
Darminah, et all. 2008. Modul: PengembanganKurikulumdanpembelajaranBahasaInggris. Jakarta: Universitas Terbuka
Dingle, Kate & Lebedev, J.R. 2008.Vocabulary Power: practicing essential words. Pearson Education, Inc.
Djamal, M.,et all. 2005. Improving reading skill in English. Kencana Prenada Media Group. Jakarta
Gay,L.R et all. 2006. Educational Research: competencies for analysis and applications (8th ed). Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall.Columbus,Ohio.
Harmer, J. 1993.The Practice of English Language teaching. Longman
Holek, H. 1981. Autonomy and Foreign Language Learning.Oxford: Pergamon.
Hopkins, D. 1985. A Teacher Guide Classroom Research. Open University Press: Philadelpina
Kamil, M.L., and E.H. Hiebert. 2005. Teaching and learning vocabulary: Perspectives and persistent issues. In E.H. Hiebert and M.L. Kamil (eds.), Teaching and learning vocabulary: Bringing research to practice. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
KEMENDIKBUD. 2013. Pendidikan dan Latihan Profesi Guru tahun 2013: Modul PLPG Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Jakarta
_______________. 2014. Bahasa Inggris SMA/MA Kelas XI Sememster 1. Jakarta
Lestari, D.T. 2012. Improving year-two students’ vocabulary under boomerang technique at SMAN 4 Kendari.A thesis.UHO. Unpublished
Nation, I.S.P. 1990. Teaching and Learning Vocabulary (New York: Heinle&HeinlePublisers
__________. 2001. Learning vocabulary in another language. Cambridge university press: Cambridge
__________.2002.Managing vocabulary learning. SEAMEO regional language centre: Singapore
__________. 2009. Teaching ESL/EFL reading and writing.Routledge. New York
Nakata, T. 2006. Implementing optimal spaced learning for English vocabulary learning: Towards improvement of the low-first method derived from the reactivation theory.The JALT CALL Journal, 2(2).Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://journal.jaltcall.org/articles/2_2_Nakata.pdf
Nunan, D. 1991. Research methods in language learning. Cambridge university press: Cambridge.
_______. 2003. Practical English Language Teaching. McGraw-Hill international Edition.
Mastropieri,M.A.,&Scruggs,T.E. et all.1991.Teaching Abstract vocabulary with the keyword method: effects on recall and comprehension. Journal Of Learning Disabilities, 23 (2). Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://ldx.sagepub.com/content/23/2/92.abstract
Palumbo, A. &Loiacono,V. 2009.Understanding The causes of intermediate and middle school comprehension problems. International Journal Of Special Education, 24 (1),75‐81.Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://blogs.ubc.ca/prattetec511/files/2010/09/ETEC-511-Dennis-Pratt-Special-Needs-Paper.docx
Richards, J & Renandya, W. 2003.Methodology in language teaching : an anthology of current practice.Cambridge Press. Cambridge
Siringganjanavong, V .2013. The mnemonic keyword method: effects on the vocabulary acquisition and retention. Published by Canadian of science education: ELT 6(10).Retrieved October 3, 2014, fromhttp://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/elt/article/viewFile/30156/17863
Stahl, S.A. 2005. Four problems with teaching word meanings (and what to do to make vocabulary an integral part of instruction). In E.H. Hiebert and M.L. Kamil (eds.), Teaching and learning vocabulary: Bringing research to practice. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Sudjinah.1980. Materi Pokok Penilaian. Jakarta. Depdikbud
Tavakoli, M & Gerami, E .2011. The effect of keyword and pictorial method on EFL learner’ vocabulary learning and retention. University of Isfahan, Iran.
Ur, Penny. 2003. A course in language teaching: practice and theory. Cambridge university press: Cambridge
Wallace, M. 1988. Action Research for language teacher. Cambridge University Press
_________. 2001. Practical Language Teaching: Teaching Vocabulary. Cambridge University press
YongqiGu, P. 2003. Vocabulary learning in second language: Person, task, contextand strategies.TESL-EJ, 7(2). Retrieved October 3, 2014, from http://www-writing.berkeley.edu/TESL-EJ/ej26/a4.html
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Published
28-02-2019
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Hy, M. (2019). Improving Students’ Vocabulary Ability Through Keyword Technique (Action Research at Class XI MIA 2 of SMA Negeri 5 Kendari). Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 2(1), 125–132. Retrieved from https://jayapanguspress.penerbit.org/index.php/cetta/article/view/172
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