Peran Basir Dalam Sistem Religius-Kosmologis Upacara Tiwah Pada Masyarakat Hindu Kaharingan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37329/jpah.v10i3.5430Keywords:
Basir, Hindu Kaharingan, Cosmology, Religious Ritual, Tiwah CeremonyAbstract
Studies on the Tiwah ritual among adherents of Hindu Kaharingan have been widely conducted; however, research specifically examining the role of the Basir (religious leader) in implementing the Tiwah ceremony remains limited. This study aims to analyze the forms, functions, meanings, and roles of the Basir in the execution of the Tiwah ritual. This research employs a qualitative, phenomenological approach, conducted in Palangka Raya City. Data were collected through interviews with six informants, consisting of Basir, customary leaders, and community figures, using a snowball sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model and validated through source triangulation. The findings indicate that Tiwah constitutes a religio-cosmological system enacted through ritual stages that reflect the soul's journey toward Lewu Tatau. Functionally, Tiwah embodies religious, social, aesthetic, and didactic functions, integrated within a ceremony rich in spiritual and social values. The implementation of Tiwah conveys philosophical meanings that affirm the relationship between humans, ancestors, and Ranying Hatala. The Basir plays a crucial role as a ritual leader, sacred mediator, and custodian of cosmological knowledge, ensuring the ritual's continuity and sanctity. The role of the Basir remains recognized amid the currents of modernization, due to their position as active agents of cultural reproduction in sustaining the Hindu Kaharingan religious system. This study confirms that Tiwah is not merely a mortuary ritual but a comprehensive religious system that integrates theological, social, and cosmological dimensions within the life of the Hindu Kaharingan community.
References
Affandi, L. H., Sutajaya, I. M., & Suja, I. W. (2022). Aktualisasi Nilai Pawongan Dalam Ajaran Tri Hita Karana pada Pengembangan Komunitas Belajar Profesional Bagi Guru. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Citra Bakti, 9(1), 62-75.
Agusvina, R., Mujiyono, M., & Sihung, S. (2025). Pelaksanaan Upacara Tiwah di Desa Samba Danum Kecamatan Katingan Tengah Perspektif Manajemen Pendidikan Agama Hindu. Satya Sastraharing: Jurnal Manajemen, 9(1), 165-174.
Bazancir, R. (2023). Clifford Geertz’s Approach to Interpretational Anthropology and Cultural Relativity and Critics. YAZIT Kültür Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 225-241.
Beltramini, E. (2025). The Sacred: Preliminary Review. Sacred Reality, Digital Simulation: Ritual Form in Virtual Spaces, 19(1), 77-86.
Bidin, H. (2024). Filosofi Kaharingan Dalam Kandayu Simbolisme dan Tradisi Masyarakat Dayak. Indramayu: Penerbit Adab.
Collins, D., MacPherson, A. C., Bobrownicki, R., & Carson, H. J. (2026). An Explicit Look At Implicit Learning: An Interrogative Review For Sport Coaching Research And Practice. Sports Coaching Review, 15(1), 59-80.
Dana, I. W. (2025). Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Berbasis Penilaian Diri Pada Mata Kuliah Bahasa Sangiang di Institut Agama Hindu Negeri Tampung Penyang Palangka Raya. Doctoral Dissertation, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha.
Donny, P. M., & Drajati, N. H. S. (2025). Modernizing Madura Cattle Farming for National Food Security: Emile Durkheim’s Social Solidarity Perspective. Proceedings of the International Conference on Strategic and Global Studies (ICSGS 2024), 459-480.
Eliade, M. (2022). Patterns In Comparative Religion. Lincoln: U of Nebraska Press.
Helim, A., & Syahriana, U. T. (2019). Keikutsertaan Masyarakat Muslim Dalam Upacara Tiwah Agama Hindu Kaharingan di Kota Palangka Raya. Al-Qisthu: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-Ilmu Hukum, 17(2), 34-42.
Hossain, M. M., & Fatema, K. (2022). Diglossia as a Symbolic Capital in Bangladesh: A Bourdieun Analysis. Journal Corner of Education, Linguistics, and Literature, 2(2), 81-94.
Indarwati, I., Sakka, W., Hasan, H., & Reski, R. (2025). Analisis Nilai Religius dan Sosial dalam Upacara Ngaben di Bali. DEIKTIS: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra, 5(2), 629-635.
Josela, T. (2025). Konsep Kosmotheandrik dalam Tradisi Tiwah Suku Dayak Ngaju pada Konteks Pluralisme Agama. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama Dan Teologi Indonesia, 3(1), 308-330.
Khairulyadi, K., Ikramatoun, S., & Nisa, K. (2022). Durkheim’s Social Solidarity and the Division of labour: An Overview. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama Indonesia (JSAI), 3(2).
Kojaing, K., Kian, M., & Elu, A. R. A. (2023). Makna Psikologis Musik Gong Waning Dalam Ritual Adat Kematian Masyarkat Hewokloang Kabupaten Sikka. Keteg: Jurnal Pengetahuan, Pemikiran Dan Kajian Tentang Bunyi, 23(1), 93-102.
Kustermans, J., Svensson, T., Costa López, J., Blasenheim, T., & Hoffmann, A. (2022). Ritual and authority in world politics. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 35(1), 2-30.
Lence, K. N., & Kasim, A. M. (2024). Budaya Kematian Pada Masyarakat Hewokloang Dengan Iringan Alat Musik Tradisional Gong Waning. FUSION, 1(2), 29-35.
Lestari, R. A., Hindradjat, J., & Sompotan, D. D. (2025). Christian Religious Education on the Local Culture of the Tiwah Ceremony in Central Kalimantan in Line with Christian Teachings. Harati: Jurnal Pendidikan Kristen, 5(1), 52-62.
Malik, H. A., & Malik, F. A. (2022). Emile Durkheim Contributions To Sociology. Sociology, 6(2), 7-10.
McLean, K., & Nix, J. (2022). Understanding The Bounds Of Legitimacy: Weber’s Facets Of Legitimacy And The Police Empowerment Hypothesis. Justice Quarterly, 39(6), 1287-1309.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis, A. Methods Sourcebook, Edition. London: Sage Publications.
Ningrum, D. A. M., & Soebijantroro, S. (2023). Makna Simbolik Ritual Tiwah Suku Dayak Ngaju Sebagai Sumber Belajar Sejarah Lokal Di Kalimantan Tengah. Agastya: Jurnal Sejarah Dan Pembelajaran, 13(1), 90-99.
Nugraha, S., & Wardani, T. D. (2021). Penerapan Pali Dalam Ritual Tiwah Dayak Ngaju: Pali In The Implementation Of The Dayak Ngaju Tiwah Ritual. Anterior Jurnal, 20(2), 102-112.
Nurhamidin, B., Sukmana, O., & Yumitro, G. (2026). The Relevance of Émile Durkheim’s Mechanical and Organic Solidarity in Understanding Social Cohesion in Industrial Society. International Journal of Economics Management and Social Science, 9(1), 313-322.
Oktaviani, D., & Kurnia, H. (2023). Suku Dayak: Mengenal Tradisi Adat Dan Kehidupan Masyarakatnya. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Budaya Indonesia, 1(1), 10-19.
Olesen, T. (2025). After The Organization: Symbolic Capital And Negative Expert Knowledge In Post-Whistleblowing Careers. Acta Sociologica, 68(2), 145-160.
Pamaru, P. R., & Zulfadli, M. (2025). Transformasi Makna dan Peran Tominaa dalam Upacara Pemakaman Tradisional Di Toraja; Suatu Analisis Budaya Dan Spiritual. Jurnal Edukasi Sosial Sains, 1(2), 66-72.
Paramarta, I. M., Syakir, S., Na’am, M. F., & Syarif, M. I. (2024). The Semiotics Of Sandung As A Local Cultural Identity Of The Hindu Kaharingan Community In Palangkaraya City. Proceedings of Fine Arts, Literature, Language, and Education, 650-657.
Pramana, K. A. B. A., & Santika, I. M. (2025). Dinamika Pemertahanan Upacara Ngaben Adat Pada Masyarakat Desa Sidatapa. Purwadita: Jurnal Agama Dan Budaya, 9(1), 14-19.
Putri, H. L. L., & Nasrudin, M. E. (2022). Nilai Kearifan Lokal Budaya Tiwah Masyarakat Dayak Ngaju Dalam Presfektif Pendekatan Ekologi. PADARINGAN (Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi Antropologi), 4(2), 105-110.
Qalyubi, I. (2023). Reading Signs On The Tiwah Ritual Of Kaharingan Adherent In Central Kalimantan: Semiotic Perspective Of Roland Barthes. Journal of Syntax Transformation, 4(9), 85-102.
Rimé, B., & Páez, D. (2023). Why We Gather: A New Look, Empirically Documented, At Émile Durkheim’s Theory Of Collective Assemblies And Collective Effervescence. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 18(6), 1306-1330.
Sanang, A. (2023). Ritual Hinting Pali pada Masyarakat Hindu Kaharingan di Sampit Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur (Perspektif Hukum Hindu). Hapakat: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian, 3(2), 98-109.
Saputra, A. W., & Sihombing, L. H. (2022). Tiwah Ceremony as Hindu Kaharingan Practices in Contemporary Dayak Ngaju Society of Kapuas Regency. Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu, 6(2), 62-76.
Sarira, A. R. A. (2024). Ritual Ma’nene’: Pemahaman Teologi Kontekstual Tentang Hubungan Antara Hidup, Kematian, Dan Kepercayaan Tradisional. EKKLESIA: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristiani, 2(2), 149-159.
Schiller, A. (2020). How To Hold A Tiwah: The Potency Of The Dead And Deathways Among Ngaju Dayaks. Abingdon-on-Thames: Routledge.
Sesa, E., & Muhammadiah, M. U. (2023). Analisis Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Religius Dalam Wacana Badong Pada Upacara Rambu Solo, Suku Toraja. Mega Pena: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 8(1), 33-45.
Sutama, P., Luardini, M. A., & Asi, N. (2020). The Religious Text ‘Panaturan’of the Dayak Ngaju Community. International Seminar on Language, Education, and Culture, KnE Social Sciences, 2020, 247-254.
Syifa, D. S., & Ribawati, E. (2025). Ritual Tiwah sebagai Warisan Budaya dan Kearifan Lokal pada Suku Dayak Ngaju di Kalimantan Tengah. Triwikrama: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Sosial, 9(7), 1-7.
Widen, K. (2023). Orang Dayak Dan Kebudayaannya. Journal Ilmu Sosial, Politik Dan Pemerintahan, 12(2), 207–218.
Yanti, K. S., Yanti, N. W. O., Saputra, I. P. A., Anto, R., Sumarjiana, I. K. L., & Sartika, L. D. (2024). Makna Ngelebur dalam Upacara Ngaben pada Masyarakat Bali Aga di Desa Penglipuran, Bangli. Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif, 4(3), 839-846.
Yuningsih, Y., Setyobudi, I., & Hifajar, W. (2025). Ritual Ngala Pangacian: Ngagumulungkeun Ruh (Kosmologi Sunda). Prosiding LPPM ISBI Bandung, 439-445.
Zurvani, M., & Zarei, S. (2024). Examining Clifford Geertz’s Cultural Approach to Semiotics of Religion. The International Journal of Humanities, 31(4), 48-69.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Kayun
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
An author who publishes in the Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu agrees to the following terms:
- Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
- Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Read more about the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.
