Medhātithi Gautama Pendiri Ānvīkṣikī Par Excellence

Relevansinya dengan Bidang Baru Penelitian Filsafat Hindu di Indonesia

Authors

  • Ni Kadek Surpi Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar
  • Krisna S Yogiswari Sekolah Tinggi Agama Hindu Negeri Mpu Kuturan Singaraja

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37329/jpah.v5i4.1404

Keywords:

Ānvīkṣikī, Nyāya, Hindu Logic

Abstract

Medhātithi Gautama is the Founder of Ānvīkṣikī par excellence. Gautama is believed to have written the Nyāya-Sūtra (Rules of Logic) in 550 BC, which are considered the earliest writings of the Indian system of logic. Ānvīkṣikī is the science of critical study, reasoning, and debate that has developed since ancient times in the building of Vedic knowledge. Ānvīkṣikī as a light of knowledge, support for dharma, and even as a means of liberation. Medhātithi Gautama has constructed Indian logic's structure, inherited and developed by later thinkers, with many written works. Today, Ānvīkṣikī's knowledge can be traced to the writings of Mahamahopadhyaya Satis Chandra Vidyabhusana (1920) and other writers, albeit in limited numbers. While in Indonesian, this article is a pioneer of Medhātithi Gautama's work and thoughts in Hindu logic. This article is a text study, using content analysis, providing new interpretations and meanings. The author integrates his text research style with new techniques in Hindu writing from Mīmāṃsā to Navya-Nyāya styles to obtain fresh and new perspectives and thoughts. This study shows that Ānvīkṣikī is a significant subject in Hindu philosophy and has the potential to become a new field of research in the realm of philosophy in Indonesia. The limited access to reading sources and research results in Indonesia seem to make the study of Hindu philosophy have not experienced much development in recent years. Therefore, efforts are needed to study classical texts and teachings so that they can be written and interpreted to be used as a basis for learning various sub-fields of philosophy. Besides, learning Ānvīkṣikī will strengthen reasoning power, critical thinking skills, debate, and discussion. This ability seems very important to be developed to strengthen the position of Hindu scholarship and build a group of Jñānī (scientists, thinkers, writers, One who pursues the path of jñāna, or knowledge) in the Hindu community.

References

Achari, S. R. R. (2013). Nyaya (Tarka Sastra) The Hindu System of Logic and Debate. Srimatham.com.

Aryadharma, N. K. S. (2019). Vedānta & Metode Pemahaman Filsafat Hindu. Paramita.

Bhowmik, S. (2014). A Glimpse of Rule of Logic in Gautama’s Naya-Sutra. Indian Journal of History of Science, 49.1(January 2014).

Chano, J., & Surpi, N. K. (2020). The Thoughts on Divinity Philosophy of Madhvācarya. Vidyottama Sanatana International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies, 4(2), 250–260.

Diaconescu, B. (2012). On the New Ways of the Late Vedic Hermeneutics: Mīmāṃsā And Navya-Nyāya. Asiatische Studien Études Asiatiques LXVI · 2 · 2012, 261–306.

Edelmann, J. (2011). Hermeneutics and Hindu Thought: Toward a Fusion of Horizons. Edited by Rita Sherma and Arvind Sharma. The Journal of Hindu Studies, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/jhs/hir017

Guglani, A. (2019). Ānvīkṣikī of the Real from the Lens of Sāmkhya-Yoga and Nyāya Schools. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3483677

Mahalakshmi, G. S., & Geetha, T. V. (2009). An Indian logic-based argument representation formalism for knowledge-sharing. Logic Journal of the IGPL, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/jigpal/jzn026

Rahardjo, M. (2018). Studi Teks dalam Penelitian Kualitatif. Repository.uin-malang.ac.id/2480. http://repository.uin-malang.ac.id/2480/1/2480.pdf

Surpi A, N. K. (2020). Metode Ilmu Pengetahuan Hindu. In Paradigma Keilmuan Hindu Kemampuan para Intelektual Mengeksplorasi Ajaran Veda (1st ed., p. 87). Brilian International.

Surpi Aryadharma, N. K. (2018). Nyaya Vaisesika Darsana. Kerjasama Dharma Pustaka Utama & Vaikuntha International Publication.

Surpi, N. K. (2019a). Ketuhanan Vaiṣṇava dan Pemaknaannya oleh Warga Bhujangga Waisnawa Di Bali. Disertasi Institut Hindu Dharma Negeri Denpasar, Denpasar.

Surpi, N. K. (2019b). The Influence Of Tarkaśāstra Proficiency In The Internal And Interfaith Dialogue Nowadays. Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies. https://doi.org/10.25078/ijhsrs.v3i2.1110

Surpi, N. K. (2019c). The Influence Of Tarkaśāstra Proficiency In The Internal And Interfaith Dialogue Nowadays. Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.25078/ijhsrs.v3i2.1110

Surpi, N. K. (2020a). Konsep Monoteisme Dalam Ṛgveda (Kajian Konsep Ketuhanan Hindu Perspektif Vedic Hermeneutic). Vidya Darśan, 2(1), 31–35.

Surpi, N. K. (2020b). Perkembangan Logika Dalam Filsafat India Klasik Dan Pengaruhnya Pada Pemikiran Tokoh-Tokoh Hindu di Bali Tahun 1945-1965.

Surpi, N. K., Widiana, I. G. P. G., Wika, I. M., Avalokitesvari, N. N. A. N., & Untara, I. M. G. S. (2021). Pembelajaran Ānvīkṣikī dalam Upaya Memperkuat Bangunan Pengetahuan Hindu dan Relevansinya terhadap Pembelajaran Filsafat Hindu Dewasa in. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Institut Agama Hindu Negeri Tampung Penyang Palangka Raya, 2, 54–71.

Taber, J. A., Matilal, B. K., Ganeri, J., & Tiwari, H. (2001). The Character of Logic in India. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 121(4). https://doi.org/10.2307/606527

Vidyabhusana, M. S. Chandra. (1913). Nyayasutras of Gautama (M. B. . Basu (ed.); VIII, p. 273). Sudhindranatha Vasu.

Vidyabhusana, M. Satis Chandra. (1920). A History of Indian Logic (Ancient, Mediaeval and Modern Schools). Motilal Banarsidass.

Zysk, K. G., & Raju, P. T. (1987). Structural Depths of Indian Thought. Journal of the American Oriental Society. https://doi.org/10.2307/603491

Downloads

Published

29-10-2021

How to Cite

Surpi, N. K., & Yogiswari, K. S. (2021). Medhātithi Gautama Pendiri Ānvīkṣikī Par Excellence : Relevansinya dengan Bidang Baru Penelitian Filsafat Hindu di Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu, 5(4), 222–229. https://doi.org/10.37329/jpah.v5i4.1404

Issue

Section

Articles