Mengulas Relasi Mayoritas dan Minoritas dalam Kehidupan Beragama di Indonesia Menurut Filsafat Wajah Emmanuel Levinas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37329/kamaya.v8i1.3779Keywords:
Philosophy Of The Face, The Other, Dialogue, ResponsibilityAbstract
The main focus of this research is to understand and examine the relationship between majority and minority groups in religious life in Indonesia. The author uses Levinas' philosophy of the face as a kind of analytical tool to explore and delve into this issue. The purpose of this paper is to reconstruct the relationship between majority and minority groups in Indonesia’s religious life through Levinas' thoughts, so that society can better understand religious coexistence amidst existing pluralism. The methodology used in this paper is library research. This paper finds that Emmanuel Levinas' concept of the philosophy of the face emphasizes the importance of the presence of “the Other” in human relationships. In Indonesia's religious life, this thought contributes to addressing the phenomenon of majority-minority relations that lead to radicalism, identity politics, terrorism, and the reduction of the presence of others, by stressing ethical responsibility in overcoming power relations. The philosophy of the face opens opportunities for humanistic dialogue, encourages respect for the Other, and fosters a harmonious religious life. Dialogue with people of different religions will increasingly enable individuals to better embrace pluralism. Moreover, its implementation in the Indonesian context does face challenges. Therefore, the thoughts of Hannah Arendt and Martin Buber can assist society in building a more inclusive and harmonious majority-minority relationship. In conclusion, Levinas' philosophy of the face serves as an inspiration to encourage ethical awareness, dialogue, and respect for “the Other” in Indonesia’s pluralistic society. This effort must also be supported by interdisciplinary approaches, incorporating thoughts from other philosophers and utilizing other sciences to address majority-minority issues in Indonesia.
References
Adiprasetya, J. (2000). Ya Aku Penjaga Adikku! Etika Postmodern dari Kacamata Emmanuel Levinas, Berakar di dalam Dia dan dibangun atas Dia: Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Adon, M. J. (2016). Menyibak Nilai Keadilan dan Persatuan dalam Upacara Tente Teno Forum: Jurnal Filsafat Dan Teologi, 45(1), 43-55.
Asman, A., & Riyanto, F. X. E. A. (2022). Budaya Ngelong Suku Kasong Manggarai Dalam Terang Filsafat Dialogis Martin Buber. Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya, 24(1), 105-121.
Aliano, Y. A., & Riyanto, F. X. E. A. (2022). Pemulihan Martabat Manusia dalam Perspektif Metafisika Persahabatan. Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia, 5(2), 162-172.
Andrios, B. (2023). Kemenag Tengah Rumuskan Peraturan Pendirian Rumah Ibadah. Jakarta: Kementerian Agama RI.
Baghi, F. (2005). Filsafat Alteritas dan Kemungkinan Etis Metafisis yang Heteronom. Maumere: Ledalero.
Badewi, M. H. (2015). Relasi Antarmanusia Dalam Nilai-Nilai Budaya Bugis: Perspektif Filsafat Dialogis Martin Buber. Jurnal Filsafat, 25(1), 75-99.
Buber, M. (1987). I and Thou. Southampton: The Camelot Press PLC.
Bertens, K. (1987). Fenomenologi Eksistensial. Jakarta: Gramedia.
Burggraeve, R. (2002). The Wisdom of Love in the Service of Love: Emmanuel Levinas On Justice, Peace, and Human Rights. Milwaukee: Marquette University Press.
Doren, K. P. (2018). Konsep Tanggung Jawab Emmanuel Levinas Dan Implikasinya Bagi Keberagamaan Indonesia. Societas Dei: Jurnal Agama Dan Masyarakat, 5(2), 154-178.
Esha, M. I. (2008). Dialog Keagamaan di Era Kontemporer Mencermati Hambatan dan Model Dialog Keagamaan. Studia Philosophica et Theologica, 8(1), 26-38.
Hardiman, F. B. (2015). Seni Memahami-Hermeneutik dari Schleiermacher Sampai Derrida. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Hardiman, F. B. (2010). Komersialisasi Ruang Publik Menurut Hannah Arendt Dan Jurgen Habermas. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Haryatmoko. (2009). Proses Mediasi ke Momen Moral: Dalam Pemahaman Diri Ricoeur dan Penampakan Wajah Levinas. Studia Philosophica et Theologica, 9(2), 123.
Institute, S. (2023). Rilis Data: Kondisi Kebebasan Beragama dan Berkeyakinan 2023. Jakarta Selatan.
Ihsani, M. H. (2022) Diskriminasi Dalam Kehidupan Beragama di Indonesia. Konstruksi Sosial: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Sosial, 2(3), 95-104.
Jamil, A. (2021). Resolusi Konflik Struktural dan Kultural: Studi Kasus Perusakan Rumah Ibadah Ahmadiyah di Sintang Kalbar. Jurnal Harmoni, 20(2), 188-208.
Jugan, W., & Pandor, P. (2023). Memahami Peribahasa Nai Ngalis Tuka Ngengga dalam Budaya Hambor Manggarai Melalui Konsep Otentisitas Martin Heidegger: Kontribusi terhadap Kesadaran Perdamaian. Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS), 6(2), 978-994.
Keraf, A. S., & Dua, M. (2001). A. Sonny Keraf dan Mikhael Dua. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Kelen, D. S. (2003). Agama dan Kebudayaan Dalam Perspektif Filsafat Hermeneutis. Studia Philosophica et Theologica, 2(2), 129-139.
Kelen, D. S. (2010). Konsep Fenomenologi Heidegger Dalam Refleksi Hermeneutis Paul Ricoeur dan Problematika Aplikasinya. Studia Philosophica et Theologica, 10(1), 20-38.
Kevin, A. (2021). Epifani Wajah DI Tengah Krisis Relasi Refleksi Filosofis Aku Dengan Yang Lain Dalam Konsep Alteritas Emmanuel Levinas. Aggiornamento: Jurnal Filsafat-Teologi Kontekstual, 2(1), 45-57.
Kristiawan, D. (2020). Merengkuh Yang Lain: Dialog Interreligius Dan Transformasi Diri Terhadap Yang Lain. Mitra Sriwijaya: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristen, 1(1), 58-76.
Kurniawan, G. (2018). Filsafat Wajah Emmanuel Levinas Menyoal Isu Mayoritas-Minoritas Dalam Praksis Politik di Indonesia. Malang: Tim Publikasi STFT Widya Sasana.
Kanisius, S. L. (2006). Allah dan Pluralisme Religius: Menelaah Gagasan Raimundo Panikkar. Jakarta: Obor.
Koten, Y. K. (2018). Etika Keduniawian: Karakter Etis Pemikiran Politik Hannah Arendt. Maumere: Ledalero.
Levinas, E. (1969). Totality and Infinity. Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press.
Levinas, E. (1985). Ethics and Infinity. Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press.
Pandor, P. (2020). Menyoal Persahabatan Sebagai Problem Relasionalitas: Sebuah Kontruksi Atas Konsep Alteritas Emmanuel Levinas Dan Pluralitas Hannah Arendt. Seri Filsafat Teologi Widya Sasana, 30(29), 66-94.
Pranowo, Y. (2016). Transendensi dalam Pemikiran Simone de Beauvoir dan Emmanuel Levinas. Melintas, 32(1), 73-93.
Riyanto, A. (2011). Berfilsafat Politik. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Riyanto, A. (2013). Menjadi-Mencintai: Berfilsafat-Teologis Sehari-hari. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Riyanto, A. (2018). Relasionalitas-Filsafat Fondasi Interpretasi: Aku, Teks, Liyan, Fenomen. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Riyanto, A. (2010). Dialog Interreligius-Historisitas, Tesis, Pergumulan, Wajah. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Riyanto, A. (2008). Beriman-Berdialog Diskusi Pergeseran Paradigma Teologis-Filosofis Perspektif Katolik. Studia Philosophica et Theologica, 8(1), 1-25.
Rongrean, D. G. F., & Pandor, P. (2023). Fenomena Kaunan dalam Masyarakat Toraja Dari Perspektif Emmanuel Levinas. Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia, 6(2), 132-142.
Risdarto, D. (2017). Perlindungan Terhadap Kelompok Minoritas Di Indonesia Dalam Mewujudkan Keadilan dan Persamaan Di Hadapan Hukum. Jurnal Rechte Vinding, 6(1), 125-142.
Suseno, F. M. (2000). 12 Tokoh Etika Abad ke-20: Emmanuel Levinas, Tanggung Jawab atas Orang Lain. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Sendana, F. I. (2021). Lingkungan Sebagai Sang Liyan Upaya Pelestarian Lingkungan Ditinjau Dari Konsep Sang Liyan Dari Gagasan Pemikiran Emmanuel Levinas. SOPHIA: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristen, 2(2), 62-79.
Tjaya, T. H. (2011). Tanggung Jawab Terhadap Yang Lain dalam Pluralitas, Etika Emmanuel Levinas. Lux et Sal, 4(2).
Tjaya, T. H. (2012). Enigma Wajah Orang Lain -Menggali Pemikiran Emmanuel Levinas. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia.
Tjaya, T. H. (2018). Emmanuel Levinas-Enigma Wajah Orang Lain. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Tobroni, S. A., & Arifin, S. (1994). Islam Pluralisme Budaya dan Politik. Yogyakarta: Sipress.
Wattimena, R. A. A., & Perwita, A. A. B. (2017). Tolerance and Education: Developing Tolerance as a Way of Life in Indonesia. The Ary Suta Center Series of Strategic Management, 38(1), 1-28.
Wattimena, R. A. A. (2012). Filsafat Anti-Korupsi (Membedah Hasrat Kuasa, Pemburuan Kenikmatan, dan Sisi Hewani Manusia di Balik Korupsi). Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Wattimena, R. A. A. (2020). Untuk Semua Yang Beragama: Agama Dalam Pelukan Filsafat, Politik dan Spiritualitas. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Zainuddin, M. (2005). Pluralisme Dan Dialog Antarumat Beragama. Studia Philosophica et Theologica, 5(1), 37-58.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Kamaya: Jurnal Ilmu Agama
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
An author who publishes in the Kamaya : Jurnal Ilmu Agama agrees to the following terms:
- Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
- Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Read more about the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.
