Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan
type: channel
description: Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan is an scientific journal published by Jayapangus Press, aims at providing scientific insights regarding various educational situations or interactions, of all level and types of education. The foci of the journal are: 1) Review of educational curriculum, 2) Review of learning materials, 3) Teaching media and teaching aids, 4) Teaching methods and strategies, 5) Teacher’s competencies, 6) Studies on learner’s and teacher’s development, 7) Educational institution management studies, 8) Characters, gender, and educational evaluation.
publisher: Jayapangus Press
language: en-US
publication name: Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan
issn: 2615-0891
copyright: An author who publishes in the Cetta : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan agrees to the following terms: Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access). Read more about the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.
items: Pemanfaatan Media Audiovisual Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Baca Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Ekosistem di SD Negeri Gudang Garam Distrik Skanto Kabupaten Keerom
items: Evaluasi Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Asesmen Nasional Pada SMP Negeri Di Kecamatan Baturiti Tahun 2024
items: Reading Comprehension Questioning Pattern Used by the Author of Elementary Students’ Workbook
items: Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Quizizz Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn Kelas X Di SMK Negeri 1 Omben Tahun Ajaran 2024/2025
items: Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Komunitas Belajar Dan Budaya Sekolah Terhadap Kualitas Pembelajaran di SMP Negeri Sewilayah Sukorejo Kabupaten Kendal
items: Penguatan Karakter Toleransi Melalui Kegiatan Intrakurikuler dan Ekstrakurikuler
items: A Systematic Literature Review on the Role of Google Sites Digital Platform in Strengthening Learning Evaluation and Reflection
items: Systematic Literature Review on the Effectiveness of Wayground Interactive Learning Media in Mathematics Learning
items: Pengembangan Majalah Anak Materi Ekosistem Dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Sains Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
items: Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Memahami Kandungan Al-Qur’an Pada Mata Pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadis di MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya
items: Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Modul IPA Berbasis Etnosains Sumenep untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains dan Karakter Gotong Royong Peserta Didik
items: Strategi Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Akademik Dan Non Akademik di MTs Negeri 7 Klaten
items: The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Learning Stations for Differentiated Learning Based on Students' Learning Styles
items: Implementasi Media Pembelajaran Educandy pada Materi Cerita Fantasi untuk Pembelajaran Kosakata di SMP
items: Integrasi Canva Sebagai Media Presentasi Kolaboratif Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
items: Komparasi Perangkat Ajar Dalam Pembelajaran IPS Di SD Rajaprajanugroh 39 Thailand Selatan Dan SDN Suryakencana CBM Kota Sukabumi
items: Implementasi Budaya Religius Melalui Morning Spiritual Terhadap Kedisiplinan Siswa SMK Batik 1 Surakarta
items: Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Kelas V SDN 02 Siak Sri Indrapura
items: Dampak Strategi Peningkatan Kualitas Lulusan SMK Negeri 1 Purwodadi Melalui Uji Sertifikasi Kompetensi
items: Tantangan Pembelajaran, Tingkat Stres dan Koping Stres Mahasiswa Kebidanan Di Wilayah Kota Padang
items: Analisis Kebutuhan Media Pembelajaran IPAS Berbasis Buku Cerita Bergambar Bermuatan Prinsip Pembelajaran Mendalam di Sekolah Dasar
items: Jaran Kepang Art as a Means of Character Education in Paguyuban Rukun Tri Santoso
items: Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Buku Suplemen Menulis Deskriptif Berbasis Observasi Lingkungan Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
items: Analisis Kebutuhan dan Desain E-LKPD Matematika Berbasis Pendekatan Concrete Pictorial Abstract (CPA) Terintegrasi Kearifan Lokal pada Materi Pecahan Kelas III Sekolah Dasar
items: Implementasi Multimedia Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Digital dan Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Sekolah Dasar Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia

Pemanfaatan Media Audiovisual Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Baca Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Ekosistem di SD Negeri Gudang Garam Distrik Skanto Kabupaten Keerom
type: item
description: This study aims to improve the reading interest of fourth-grade students at SD Negeri Gudang Garam, Skanto District, Keerom Regency through the use of audiovisual media in ecosystem and environmental learning. The research employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects were 24 fourth-grade students, comprising 13 boys and 11 girls. Data were collected using observation sheets and reading interest questionnaires, then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The findings revealed a significant increase in students’ reading interest from 68.5% in cycle I to 86.25% in cycle II, with an overall improvement of 17.75%. The enhancement was evident in students’ interest in reading, focus, reading frequency, and active participation in literacy activities. Audiovisual media successfully created engaging learning environments, enhanced student concentration, and fostered intrinsic motivation to read. Therefore, the use of audiovisual media is effective in improving students’ reading interest and cultivating a culture of literacy in elementary schools, especially in remote areas with limited learning resources.
creator: Maya Pujowati
creator: Tri Suwarningsih
creator: Etty Octaviani Manalu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Maya Pujowati, Tri Suwarningsih, Etty Octaviani Manalu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.4617

Evaluasi Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Asesmen Nasional Pada SMP Negeri Di Kecamatan Baturiti Tahun 2024
type: item
description: Based on regarding policies in Curriculum Merdeka, the National Assessment (AN), Character Survey, and Learning Environment Survey (Sulingjar) are conducted as forms of education system evaluation. Since there are still several aspects in Junior High School in Baturiti belong to low categories that need improvement, it is significant to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of AN for Junior High School in Baturiti, as no evaluation of the effectiveness of AN has ever been conducted at Junior High School in Baturiti. Following this explanation, how effective is the implementation of AN at Junior High School in Baturiti? This study aims to describe the effectiveness of AN implementation at SMP Negeri Baturiti in terms of content, input, process, and product (CIPP). This study is expected to provide can contribute to education field, particularly regarding AN implementation, as well as for further research development. This study is evaluative and uses a mixed-method approach. The results of this study show the effectiveness of the implementation of AN in junior high schools in Baturiti in the components of context, input, process, and product. The principal group showed effective results, the technician group showed effective results, the proctor group showed effective results, and the teacher group showed effective results, while the student group showed fairly effective results. In addition to technical problem in implementing the National Assessment, there were also several other challenges, such as the large number of instruments answered by teachers and students and insufficient time to complete the instruments. The types of instruments were diverse,teachers and students were not yet accustomed to the variety of instruments.
creator: I Made Wargina
creator: I Made Candiasa
creator: I Gusti Ngurah Pujawan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 I Made Wargina, I Made Candiasa, I Gusti Ngurah Pujawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 10
ending page: 24
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.4661

Reading Comprehension Questioning Pattern Used by the Author of Elementary Students’ Workbook
type: item
description: Reading comprehension is a fundamental skill that significantly influences students academic success across all subjects, particularly in elementary school. The questioning patterns employed in elementary students' workbooks significantly influence reading comprehension skills by guiding learners through varying levels of cognitive engagement. This qualitative study aimed to analyze the types and patterns of questions in elementary workbooks and explore their alignment with students' cognitive development stages. Employing a case study approach, the research involved document analysis of 100 questions from workbooks for grades 3, 4, and 5, categorized into factual, inferential, and open ended types, alongside semi-structured interviews with three students (one per grade) to capture preferences and experiences. The results revealed a predominance of factual questions (50%), followed by inferential (30%) and open ended (20%), with grade-specific distributions: Grade 3 (65% factual, 25% inferential, 10% open ended), Grade 4 (50% factual, 35% inferential, 15% open ended), and Grade 5 (35% factual, 35% inferential, 30% open ended). Student preferences aligned with cognitive stages, with younger students favoring factual questions and older ones preferring inferential and open ended types. In conclusion, while workbooks provide foundational comprehension practice, the imbalance toward factual questions may limit higher order thinking development. The study contributes to improving the design of reading materials aligned with students’ cognitive development, recommending a more balanced distribution of question types to foster progressive cognitive growth in elementary education.
creator: Nadirah Febrianti Fitrah
creator: Bibit Suhatmady
creator: Istanti Hermagustiana
creator: Ventje Jany Kalukar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Nadirah Febrianti Fitrah, Bibit Suhatmady, Istanti Hermagustiana, Ventje Jany Kalukar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 25
ending page: 37
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.4991

Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Quizizz Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn Kelas X Di SMK Negeri 1 Omben Tahun Ajaran 2024/2025
type: item
description: The condition of students' interest in learning Civic Education (PPKn) has declined, due to the limitations of the learning methods used in teaching. One effort that can be made is by using technology-based learning media, such as the Quizizz application. Previous research only focused on students' learning outcomes and motivation, whereas this study fills the gap by analyzing the effect of using the Quizizz application on students' interest in learning. This study aims to determine the effect of using the Quizizz application on students' interest in learning PPKn in grade X at SMKN 1 Omben. The research method used is a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental type. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using an independent sample t-test. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant difference in students' interest in learning. This can be seen from the post-test scores obtained by the control class, which was 81,72, whereas the experimental class scored 105,78. This difference is also proven by the results of the independent sample t-test, which obtained a significance value (sig. 2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating that there is a significant difference between the class given the Quizizz application treatment and the class that was not given the treatment. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that Quizizz can be an effective learning medium for creating an enjoyable learning atmosphere. This study can serve as an evaluation for the use of Quizizz, suggesting that its application should be expanded not only to learning outcomes and motivation but also to learning interest as an affective variable.
creator: Moh. Ari Wibowo
creator: Heni Adhianata
creator: Rani Kuslinda
creator: Linda Ramadhanty Januar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Moh. Ari Wibowo, Heni Adhianata, Rani Kuslinda, Linda Ramadhanty Januar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 38
ending page: 46
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5011

Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Komunitas Belajar Dan Budaya Sekolah Terhadap Kualitas Pembelajaran di SMP Negeri Sewilayah Sukorejo Kabupaten Kendal
type: item
description: Learning quality is a measure of the effectiveness of the learning process in achieving predetermined goals. The objectives of this study are to analyze the collective influence of transformational leadership, learning communities, and school culture on learning quality. The research approach used a quantitative survey method. The research type was correlational. The study population was 238 teachers, and the sample size was 149 teachers. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. Data analysis techniques included descriptive data analysis, swimmer's tests, including normality tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests, linearity tests, and hypothesis testing, including simple and multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that: 1) Transformational leadership has a strong and significant influence on the quality of learning by 76.4%. 2) Learning community has a strong and significant influence on the quality of learning by 74.3%. 3) School culture has a strong and significant influence on the quality of learning by 75.3%. 4) Transformational leadership, learning community and school culture have a strong and significant influence on the quality of learning by 75.6%. Then the correlation coefficient value r is 0.746.
creator: Warsiyatun Warsiyatun
creator: Ngasbun Egar
creator: Aryo Andri
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Warsiyatun Warsiyatun, Ngasbun Egar, Aryo Andri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 47
ending page: 59
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5024

Penguatan Karakter Toleransi Melalui Kegiatan Intrakurikuler dan Ekstrakurikuler
type: item
description: The lack of tolerance is one of the threats to societies rich in diversity. This phenomenon still often occurs in diverse societies, including among students. Character building is one of the things that needs to be done by every educational institution, including tolerance. Every educational institution is responsible for strengthening tolerance through both intracurricular and extracurricular activities. This study aims to analyze the strengthening of tolerance through intracurricular and extracurricular activities. The approach used in this study is descriptive quantitative with data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires. Educational institutions play an important role in strengthening tolerance in students. Intracurricular and extracurricular activities have made a positive contribution to strengthening tolerance in students, both through knowledge and implementation. Character education through intracurricular and extracurricular activities can prevent the weakening of character in students, including intolerance.
creator: Vina Aulia
creator: Yadi Ruyadi
creator: Wilodati Wilodati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Vina Aulia, Yadi Ruyadi, Wilodati Wilodati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 60
ending page: 74
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5031

A Systematic Literature Review on the Role of Google Sites Digital Platform in Strengthening Learning Evaluation and Reflection
type: item
description: The development of digital technology has initiated significant transformations in educational practices, requiring the adaptation of learning methods in line with the demands of the 21st century. Google Sites has emerged as a digital portfolio platform with the potential to encourage students' metacognitive reflection skills. However, in-depth exploration of its pedagogical use, particularly in the context of Indonesian secondary schools with various infrastructure challenges, is still limited. This study aims to structurally identify the challenges and advantages of Google Sites in enhancing metacognitive thinking and to formulate a conceptual model for facilitating reflective learning. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with the PRISMA protocol, analysing 13 selected articles from the Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Garuda databases. The results of the study show that Google Sites is effective in acting as metacognitive scaffolding, accelerating the feedback cycle for authentic assessment, and expanding the Zone of Proximal Development through transparent collaboration between students, teachers, and parents. Its effectiveness is the result of the dynamic interaction between the context of application, pedagogical design, and infrastructure readiness. The study concludes that Google Sites can be a digital learning model in line with the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum, namely creating a reflective, adaptive, participatory, and sustainable learning ecosystem.
creator: Ida Ayu Intan Nandini
creator: Ketut Agustini
creator: I Gde Wawan Sudatha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ida Ayu Intan Nandini, Ketut Agustini, I Gde Wawan Sudatha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 75
ending page: 83
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5075

Systematic Literature Review on the Effectiveness of Wayground Interactive Learning Media in Mathematics Learning
type: item
description: The development of information technology has encouraged the adoption of interactive digital learning media to overcome the challenges of abstract mathematics learning and make it more concrete. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Wayground platform (formerly Quizizz) as an interactive presentation medium in improving mathematics learning at the junior high school level. The research method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with the PRISMA model on 12 selected articles from 2021 to 2025. The articles discuss the effectiveness of learning media, particularly interactive or technology-based media, in the context of mathematics learning. The specific types of media include relevant interactive learning media, whether directly mentioning "Wayground" or similar types of interactive media aimed at improving mathematical concept understanding. The research design includes empirical studies such as development research, experiments, and classroom action research (CAR) that focus on learning outcomes and qualitative studies that discuss in depth the effectiveness of interactive learning media. The synthesis results show that, (1) Wayground features such as digital quizzes, flashcards, interactive discussions, real-time evaluations, and Paper Mode significantly support the creation of interactive and easily managed learning, (2) The application of Wayground has been proven to increase student motivation, engagement, active participation, and conceptual understanding in mathematics learning, (3) Interactive learning media such as Wayground effectively bridges the abstract nature of mathematics through visual and concrete presentation of concepts and enjoyable learning experiences, thereby improving learning outcomes. The implications of this study recommend the integration of Wayground into lesson planning and teacher training to optimize its features in order to create more effective and adaptive mathematics learning.
creator: I Made Edy Bangkit Saputra
creator: Ketut Agustini
creator: I Gde Wawan Sudatha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 I Made Edy Bangkit Saputra, Ketut Agustini, I Gde Wawan Sudatha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 84
ending page: 93
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5123

Pengembangan Majalah Anak Materi Ekosistem Dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Sains Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
type: item
description: The low level of science literacy among students in Indonesia in 2022, with a score of 383, as well as the results of observations and interviews with teachers at SDN 4 Karangtengah and SDN 2 Kepanjenlor, show that student science literacy is a serious challenge. This condition is reinforced by school policies that do not allow the use of gadgets as digital learning resources, thus requiring non-digital media. The study aimed to develop a children's magazine on ecosystems by integrating valid, practical, and effective PISA science literacy indicators to improve students' science literacy. The research was conducted using an R&D model with the ADDIE development model. The research subjects were one validator for each expert, two fifth-grade teachers, and 36 fifth-grade students from two schools. Data were obtained from the assessment of subject matter experts, media, and instruments, the completion of practicality questionnaires by teachers and students, and the administration of pre-tests and post-tests. The results showed that the children's magazine on ecosystem material had high validity, with an average validation score of 100% for the material, 92.3% for the media, and 92.5% for the test instruments. The achievement of the maximum score by subject matter experts identified that the material met the validation instrument criteria with a rating scale of 1-4. It should be noted that this score was obtained after making improvements based on the suggestions and input from subject matter expert validators. The level of practicality received a score of 94.3% on the student questionnaire and 95.8% on the teacher questionnaire, which means that the children's magazine is very practical. Its effectiveness is evident from the N-Gain score of 0.80 or 80%, indicating a high and effective category. In addition, the children's magazine has a significant effect on improving science literacy, as evidenced by the Wilcoxon test results with a score of 0.000. Thus, it can be conc…
creator: Agung Wahid Surya Dadari
creator: Surayanah Surayanah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Agung Wahid Surya Dadari, Surayanah Surayanah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 94
ending page: 113
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5124

Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Memahami Kandungan Al-Qur’an Pada Mata Pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadis di MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya
type: item
description: This study aims to describe the implementation of learning to understand the contents of the Qur'an in the Qur'an Hadith subject at MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya, which includes preliminary, core, and closing activities, as well as identifying the main obstacles and solutions applied by teachers. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with field research. Data were collected through observation, structured interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The results show that learning is carried out systematically and reflectively. In the introductory activities, teachers build students' readiness to learn through religious habits and reflective perception. In the core activities, tadabbur-based learning using lecture and question-and-answer methods encouraged students to actively construct their understanding of the meaning of Qur'anic verses and internalize the value of patience as part of the learning process. The closing activities emphasized reflection and reinforcement of Qur'anic values. The main obstacles in learning included limited media, learning time, and variations in student motivation. The solution was implemented through flexible learning strategies, strengthening teacher-student interaction, and reinforcing spiritual motivation. These findings show that Al-Qur'an Hadith learning reflects a constructivist approach that not only builds cognitive understanding but also strengthens the internalization of patience as a Qur'anic character trait.
creator: Ansori Sidqi
creator: Muslimah Muslimah
creator: Neela Afifah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ansori Sidqi, Muslimah Muslimah, Neela Afifah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 114
ending page: 124
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5128

Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Modul IPA Berbasis Etnosains Sumenep untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains dan Karakter Gotong Royong Peserta Didik
type: item
description: Science learning at the junior secondary school level is expected to foster students’ scientific literacy and collaborative character in line with the Merdeka Curriculum. However, classroom practices still reveal a gap between these objectives and actual learning conditions. This article reports the needs analysis stage of a Research and Development (R&D) study employing the ADDIE model. The study aims to analyze the need for developing an ethnoscience-based science module grounded in the local context of Sumenep to support students’ scientific literacy and collaborative character. The needs analysis was conducted through a review of the junior secondary school science curriculum, semi-structured interviews with five science teachers, and questionnaires administered to 561 students from grades VII, VIII, and IX at SMP Negeri 1 Sumenep. The research instruments consisted of needs assessment questionnaires comprising nine items for students and eleven items for teachers. The questionnaires were developed based on scientific literacy indicators and collaborative character, validated through expert judgment, and demonstrated adequate reliability. Data were analyzed descriptively using mean scores and percentages. The results indicate that students experience difficulties in understanding science concepts, explaining scientific phenomena, and interpreting data and scientific evidence. In addition, science instruction has not been optimally integrated with local cultural contexts. Both teachers and students consistently expressed a strong need for contextual, collaborative, and ethnoscience-based science learning grounded in Sumenep local culture. The study concludes that developing an ethnoscience-based science module integrated with scientific literacy and collaborative character is necessary as a foundation for subsequent design and development stages.
creator: Nur Farida
creator: Erlia Narulita
creator: Iwan Wicaksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Farida, Erlia Narulita, Iwan Wicaksono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-07
publication date: 2026-01-07
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 125
ending page: 132
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5109

Strategi Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Akademik Dan Non Akademik di MTs Negeri 7 Klaten
type: item
description: The purpose of this study is to examine the principal's leadership strategy in improving academic and non-academic achievement at MTs Negeri 7 Klaten. This research is based on the understanding that the quality of a school is not only measured by the number of students, but also by the achievements obtained. As a qualitative research and using a phenomenological approach, this study collected information through interviews and documentation. Then, the collected data were analyzed using an interactive analysis model that includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The findings of the study indicate that the principal of MTs Negeri 7 Klaten applies a transformational leadership strategy that emphasizes motivation, open communication, and collaboration of all members of the madrasah community. The strategy to improve academic achievement is implemented by increasing learning hours and extra-curricular olympiad programs. Meanwhile, the improvement of non-academic achievement is realized through strengthening the tahfidz program and extracurricular development. These various programs are supported by collaboration between teachers and external coaches to maximize student potential. The existence of class grouping based on student potential also strengthens the program's effectiveness. Therefore, the conclusion of the results of this research shows that the principal's leadership strategy contributes significantly to fostering a culture of achievement in the madrasah. Structured planning, open communication, and empowerment of all school components are the main factors in improving academic and non-academic achievements at MTs Negeri 7 Klaten.
creator: Natasya Nur Isnaini
creator: Dartim Dartim
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Natasya Nur Isnaini, Dartim Dartim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-07
publication date: 2026-01-07
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 133
ending page: 143
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5180

The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Learning Stations for Differentiated Learning Based on Students' Learning Styles
type: item
description: The integration of learning stations in higher education continues to face challenges in effectively addressing diverse student learning styles. Although differentiated instruction offers substantial promise, its implementation is often hindered by limited resources and the complexity of delivering personalized learning experiences at scale. This study explores the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced learning stations in supporting differentiated instruction aligned with individual learning preferences. Using a mixed-methods explanatory design, the research involved 82 students from an Educational Technology Study Program, divided into an experimental group (utilizing AI-supported learning stations) and a control group (traditional stations without AI). Data collection methods included pre- and post-tests, structured observations, VARK learning style inventories, and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative results indicated statistically significant improvements in learning outcomes for the experimental group, reflected in higher post-test scores and greater normalized gains. T-test and ANOVA analyses confirmed the intervention’s overall effectiveness, with no significant variation in learning gains across learning style categories within the experimental group. Qualitative findings supported these outcomes, with participants reporting that the AI-assisted environment fostered more personalized, relevant, and reflective learning experiences. Moreover, the integration of AI was associated with increased learner engagement, heightened motivation, and improved metacognitive awareness of learning preferences. This study contributes empirical evidence supporting the role of AI in enabling differentiated instruction within higher education contexts, highlighting its potential to provide scalable, personalized learning experiences. The findings suggest that AI-driven solutions may address key limitations in traditional instructional design by offering i…
creator: Gema Rullyana
creator: Ardiansah Ardiansah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Gema Rullyana, Ardiansah Ardiansah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-08
publication date: 2026-01-08
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 144
ending page: 156
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.4824

Implementasi Media Pembelajaran Educandy pada Materi Cerita Fantasi untuk Pembelajaran Kosakata di SMP
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the implementation of Educandy application-based learning media in vocabulary learning on students' fantasy story material. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. Data in the form of students' fantasy story works before and after the research implementation, questionnaires filled out by 25 students of class VIII A, and the results of interviews with Indonesian Language teachers at SMP Muhammadiyah 5 Surakarta. The data sources used in the study were students of class VIII A and teachers in charge of Indonesian Language subjects. Data collection techniques used were observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The collected data were then analyzed using the interactive analysis technique of the Miles and Huberman model, with the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation/verification and conclusions. This research was conducted in the odd semester of the 2025/2026 academic year at SMP Muhammadiyah 5 Surakarta which was chosen because it has adequate facilities that can integrate application-based learning media. The validity of the research data used technical triangulation. The implementation of Educandy media was carried out through three stages, namely the preparation stage, the learning implementation stage, and the closing or evaluation stage. The novelty in this research lies in the use of Educandy with a gamification approach for learning fantasy story vocabulary in junior high schools, which has implications for the research findings, namely increasing vocabulary variation, student participation, ease of understanding vocabulary through interactive games, and changes in the learning atmosphere to be more fun and collaborative.
creator: Olivia Septiana Setyo Wijayanti
creator: Miftakhul Huda
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Olivia Septiana Setyo Wijayanti, Miftakhul Huda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-12
publication date: 2026-01-12
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 157
ending page: 168
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5182

Integrasi Canva Sebagai Media Presentasi Kolaboratif Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
type: item
description: This study systematically reviews the use of Canva in mathematics learning, focusing on integration strategies, its role as a collaborative presentation media, its contribution to students’ creativity and presentation skills, and its impact on learning outcomes. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, with 28 eligible articles analyzed thematically. The synthesis reveals that Canva is effective when implemented through structured planning, implementation, and evaluation, and when used to enhance visual representation and mathematical communication. Canva also supports the development of visual creativity, presentation skills, conceptual understanding, and learning motivation. However, this review identifies limited longitudinal studies and a lack of research at the senior high school level. Conceptually, these findings highlight visual digital media as a pedagogical mechanism in 21st-century mathematics learning, while practically emphasizing the importance of task design, teacher facilitation, and students’ digital literacy readiness.
creator: Ni Wayan Ulandari
creator: Ketut Agustini
creator: I Gde Wawan Sudatha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Wayan Ulandari, Ketut Agustini, I Gde Wawan Sudatha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-19
publication date: 2026-01-19
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 169
ending page: 177
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5126

Komparasi Perangkat Ajar Dalam Pembelajaran IPS Di SD Rajaprajanugroh 39 Thailand Selatan Dan SDN Suryakencana CBM Kota Sukabumi
type: item
description: Teaching tools are a crucial component for successful learning. This study aims to compares teaching materials for social studies in two elementary schools in different countries, namely Rajaprajanugroh 39 Elementary School in Southern Thailand and Suryakencana CBM Elementary School in Sukabumi, Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the social studies learning materials used in both countries and identify the similarities and differences in the social studies learning materials in both schools. This research is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were conducted through documentary studies of teaching modules, observation of the learning process, and in-depth interviews with educators at both schools. The research results show that most striking differences in the content and completeness of the administrative components within the learning modules. The social studies teaching modules in Southern Thailand and Indonesia each have their own advantages, influenced by curriculum policies, cultural contexts, and student needs. The teaching modules at SDN Suryakencana CBM have more detailed components, including specific mentoring plans such as remedial and enrichment sessions, as well as initial assessments to determine student readiness. Meanwhile, the teaching modules at SD Rajaprajanugroh 39 are simple and focus on classroom activity steps and post-teaching evaluations. Although the content and components are different, both schools have strong similarities in using active learning models, such as inviting students to solve problems together and creat real works. These findings provide insight into the advantages of teaching modules from both countries that can be adapted to improve the quality of social studies learning tools at the elementary school level.
creator: Shafa Aulia Nissa
creator: Iis Nurasiah
creator: Rifky Aditya Ramadhan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Shafa Aulia Nissa, Iis Nurasiah, Rifky Aditya Ramadhan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-21
publication date: 2026-01-21
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 178
ending page: 193
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5215

Implementasi Budaya Religius Melalui Morning Spiritual Terhadap Kedisiplinan Siswa SMK Batik 1 Surakarta
type: item
description: Strengthening discipline character in vocational high schools requires habituation strategies that go beyond formal instructional approaches. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Morning Spiritual program in shaping students' religious and disciplinary character at SMK Batik 1 Surakarta. Using a descriptive qualitative method with Miles and Huberman's interactive analysis, this study found that: (1) The spiritual approach through Dhuha Prayer and Asmaul Husna is more effective in touching students' intrinsic motivation compared to ceremonial approaches; (2) This program contributes concretely to students' work readiness, particularly in time management aspects; (3) Implementation obstacles include sanitation limitations and student mobilization resistance; (4) Solutive strategies are implemented through the role of Homeroom Teachers (Wali Kelas) as 'Character Managers' to ensure collective discipline. The study concludes that the success of school culture depends on the synergy between physical facility support and teacher managerial collaboration.
creator: Muhammad Mirza Nurrahman
creator: Dartim Dartim
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Mirza Nurrahman, Dartim Dartim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-21
publication date: 2026-01-21
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 194
ending page: 201
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5221

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Kelas V SDN 02 Siak Sri Indrapura
type: item
description: This study was motivated by the low mathematics learning outcomes of fifth-grade students at SDN 02 Siak Sri Indrapura, where most students had not achieved the school’s Minimum Mastery Criteria. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of the Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) cooperative learning model on students’ mathematics learning outcomes. The research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a pretest–posttest control group design. The population consisted of all fifth-grade students at SDN 02 Siak Sri Indrapura, with a total sample of 52 students divided into an experimental class and a control class using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through achievement tests and classroom observations, and were analyzed using prerequisite analysis and an independent sample t-test. The results showed a significance value of p < 0.001 (p < 0.05) with a t-value of −4.149, indicating that the null hypothesis was rejected. These findings demonstrate a statistically significant difference in mathematics learning outcomes between students taught using the STAD cooperative learning model and those taught using conventional instruction. Therefore, it can be concluded that the STAD cooperative learning model is effective in improving the mathematics learning outcomes of fifth-grade students at SDN 02 Siak Sri Indrapura.
creator: Chintya Ananda
creator: Siti Quratul Ain
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Chintya Ananda, Siti Quratul Ain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-24
publication date: 2026-01-24
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 202
ending page: 213
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5227

Dampak Strategi Peningkatan Kualitas Lulusan SMK Negeri 1 Purwodadi Melalui Uji Sertifikasi Kompetensi
type: item
description: This research aims to analyze strategies for improving the quality of graduates of SMK Negeri 1 Purwodadi through the implementation of the Professional Certification Institute (LSP) Competency Certification Test which is integrated with Teaching Factory learning and its impact on graduate output. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. Data collection techniques include observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies involving school principals, deputy principals for curriculum, LSP heads, productive teachers, and students. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, by testing the validity of the data using triangulation of sources and techniques. The research results show that the strategy to improve the quality of graduates is carried out through the implementation of the Competency Certification Test which is integrated with teaching factory learning. The integration of the Professional Certification Institute Competency Certification Test with Teaching Factory learning has had a positive impact on graduate output, which is demonstrated by increased technical competence, work readiness, self-confidence, and graduate competitiveness in the world of work and industry. The conclusion of this research shows that the integration of the Competency Certification Test through the Professional Certification Institute with Teaching Factory learning is an effective strategy in improving the quality of output of graduates of SMK Negeri 1 Purwodadi. This research shows that the Professional Certification Institute Competency Certification Test is not only a tool for final evaluation of student competency, but also an integrated strategy for improving the quality of graduates that is integrated with the Teaching Factory, so this research shows that competency certification acts as a bridge for recognition by industry and higher education which expands the …
creator: Suko Lisnanto
creator: Nurkolis Nurkolis
creator: Rosalina Br. Ginting
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Suko Lisnanto, Nurkolis Nurkolis, Rosalina Br. Ginting https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-24
publication date: 2026-01-24
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 214
ending page: 222
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5230

Tantangan Pembelajaran, Tingkat Stres dan Koping Stres Mahasiswa Kebidanan Di Wilayah Kota Padang
type: item
description: Higher education life with adjustments to the campus environment can trigger stress on students. College students are a group of individuals who are prone to experiencing homeostatic imbalances due to stress that comes from academic demands. The type of research used in this research is an analytic survey with a cross approach-sectional. The research location is the Midwifery Institute in Padang City. The population in this study were all midwifery students who had attended clinical clerkships in practice areas such as hospitals, health centers and midwifery independent practices. In this study, the sampling technique used is the sampling method consecutive sampling with a sampling determination technique in which all subjects who come and meet the selection criteria are included in the study until the required number of subjects is met. Based on the results of the research that has been done, the results show that there is an intermediate effect coping strategies to psychological distress in midwifery students in the city of Padang. By type coping, type emotional focused coping and avoidance coping influence psychological distress, where as problem focused coping not found to affect psychological distress. Emotional focused coping and avoidance coping is a form coping strategies most used by students against psychological distress experienced.
creator: Hindun Mila Hudzaifah
creator: Feri Anita Wijayanti
creator: Dilla Dwi Tilana
creator: Rizki Indriana Wulan Savitri
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Hindun Mila Hudzaifah, Feri Anita Wijayanti, Dilla Dwi Tilana, Rizki Indriana Wulan Savitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-27
publication date: 2026-01-27
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 223
ending page: 232
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.4885

Analisis Kebutuhan Media Pembelajaran IPAS Berbasis Buku Cerita Bergambar Bermuatan Prinsip Pembelajaran Mendalam di Sekolah Dasar
type: item
description: Learning Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) in elementary schools requires deep and contextual conceptual understanding. However, classroom practices remain dominated by teacher-centered approaches and conventional learning media, which contribute to low student learning outcomes. This study aims to analyze the needs for developing IPAS learning media in the form of illustrated storybooks integrated with deep learning principles. The study employed a research and development approach focusing on the needs analysis stage and used a descriptive method combining qualitative and quantitative data. The research subjects were fourth-grade teachers and students from six elementary schools in Cluster 7, Tabanan District. Data were collected through classroom observations, teacher interviews, student questionnaires on learning media needs, and document analysis of student learning outcomes. The results show that IPAS instruction is still dominated by lecture-based methods with limited use of visual and contextual media. Quantitatively, only 32% of students achieved the Minimum Learning Achievement Criteria, with an average score of 61.7, particularly indicating difficulties in tasks requiring conceptual understanding and contextual application. Both teachers and students expressed a strong need for visually rich and contextual story-based learning media that are easy to use and relevant to students’ daily lives. These findings position needs analysis as a critical empirical foundation for developing IPAS learning media in the form of illustrated storybooks integrated with deep learning principles, an area that has received limited attention in previous studies. Therefore, the development of such media is considered a crucial pedagogical step to support more meaningful, reflective, and student-centered IPAS learning in elementary schools.
creator: I Gde Andika Yudha Pradana
creator: I Made Ari Winangun
creator: I Ketut Suparya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 I Gde Andika Yudha Pradana, I Made Ari Winangun, I Ketut Suparya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-30
publication date: 2026-01-30
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 233
ending page: 239
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5248

Jaran Kepang Art as a Means of Character Education in Paguyuban Rukun Tri Santoso
type: item
description: Jaran Kepang is widely recognized as a form of traditional cultural heritage and community entertainment; however, its function as a medium for character education within art communities has not been sufficiently explored. In fact, traditional performance practices contain educational values that contribute to the formation of individual and social character, particularly among young community members. This study aims to examine the presentation of Rukun Tri Santoso and to identify the character education values embedded in its performance and community activities. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed. Data were collected through participatory observation of performances, in-depth interviews with the community leader, the handler, six dancers, four gamelan musicians, and three supporting members, as well as documentation analysis. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation and member checking. The findings indicate that the Jaran Kepang performance integrates dance movements, gamelan accompaniment, costumes, properties, and performance procedures that are rich in symbolic meanings. These elements reflect character values such as discipline, responsibility, teamwork, mutual cooperation (gotong royong), religiosity, respect, and appreciation of local culture. Importantly, these values are not only manifested during public performances but are consistently internalized throughout rehearsal processes, role distribution, and daily social interactions among paguyuban members. In conclusion, Jaran Kepang functions as an informal, community-based character education agent through embodied cultural practices. This study demonstrates has strong potential as a local wisdom based medium for character education that can be applied in both formal and non-formal educational contexts, particularly in supporting cultural preservation and youth character development.
creator: Rebeka Sri Minati
creator: Dionisius Heckie Puspoko Jati
creator: Nani Mediatati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Rebeka Sri Minati, Dionisius Heckie Puspoko Jati, Nani Mediatati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-30
publication date: 2026-01-30
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 240
ending page: 249
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5251

Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Buku Suplemen Menulis Deskriptif Berbasis Observasi Lingkungan Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the need for developing a supplementary book for descriptive writing based on environmental observation for elementary school students. The problem underlying this study is the low quality of students’ descriptive writing, particularly in terms of content development, text organization, and the use of concrete descriptive vocabulary. This research employed a research and development approach with a focus on the needs analysis and preliminary study stage. The study was conducted with sixth-grade students from an elementary school cluster in Tabanan District, involving 72 students and 4 classroom teachers. Data were collected through document analysis of students’ written work, classroom observations, teacher interviews, and a student needs analysis questionnaire. The findings indicate that most students have not achieved mastery in content and language aspects, while descriptive writing instruction in the classroom is still dominated by textbook-based approaches without systematic environmental observation activities. In addition, both teachers and students expressed the need for supplementary teaching materials that can guide the writing process in a structured and contextual manner. The scientific contribution of this study lies in positioning needs analysis as an empirical foundation for designing a descriptive writing supplementary book grounded in the local environmental context and aligned with experience-based learning principles within the Merdeka Curriculum framework.
creator: Luh Ketut Ari Utami
creator: I Ketut Suparya
creator: Ni Nyoman Lisna Handayani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Luh Ketut Ari Utami, I Ketut Suparya, Ni Nyoman Lisna Handayani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-30
publication date: 2026-01-30
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 250
ending page: 257
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5254

Analisis Kebutuhan dan Desain E-LKPD Matematika Berbasis Pendekatan Concrete Pictorial Abstract (CPA) Terintegrasi Kearifan Lokal pada Materi Pecahan Kelas III Sekolah Dasar
type: item
description: Fraction learning in elementary schools continues to show low levels of students’ conceptual understanding due to the dominance of procedural instruction and the limited availability of learning media that facilitate concrete and visual representations. This study aims to map the learning needs of fraction instruction and to formulate an E-LKPD design that systematically integrates the Concrete–Pictorial–Abstract (CPA) approach with local wisdom for third-grade elementary school students. The study employed a research and development method using descriptive qualitative and quantitative approaches, limited to the needs analysis and design stages. Data were collected from third-grade teachers and students in Cluster III, Kerambitan District, through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis, and were analyzed descriptively. The findings indicate that students’ low conceptual understanding of fractions is associated with limited visualization, insufficient concrete learning experiences, and the absence of local cultural contexts in instructional practices. The novelty of this study lies in the formulation of an E-LKPD design that combines the CPA representational sequence with local cultural contexts within a structured digital learning framework. Theoretically, the findings reinforce the relevance of contextualized representational approaches in elementary mathematics learning, while practically, the proposed design provides teachers with a reference for developing more meaningful, interactive, and context-based fraction instruction.
creator: Ni Komang Sri Wahyu Tistari
creator: I Gede Suwindia
creator: Ni Nyoman Kurnia Wati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Komang Sri Wahyu Tistari, I Gede Suwindia, Ni Nyoman Kurnia Wati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 258
ending page: 264
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5266

Implementasi Multimedia Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Digital dan Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Sekolah Dasar Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
type: item
description: Digital literacy and reading proficiency are critical 21st-century skills, yet Indonesian elementary students still struggle to meet international standards. This study aims to systematically identify the forms, effectiveness, and implementation challenges of interactive multimedia in Indonesian language learning. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method guided by PRISMA, 15 high-quality articles (2020–2025) were analyzed. The novelty of this study lies in its integrative synthesis that maps the evolution of media from static tools to dynamic ecosystems (gamified platforms, multimodal e-modules, and AR) aligned with the national Merdeka Curriculum. Findings indicate that these platforms significantly improve reading comprehension and digital literacy (p < 0.05) by optimizing cognitive load based on the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML). In conclusion, technological effectiveness is not independent but moderated by the TPACK framework and teacher readiness as instructional designers. These results provide a conceptual framework for educators to integrate adaptive technology with responsive pedagogy for long-term literacy improvement.
creator: Fifi Lesley F. Pogoh
creator: Ketut Agustini
creator: I Gde Wawan Sudatha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Fifi Lesley F. Pogoh, Ketut Agustini, I Gde Wawan Sudatha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-14
publication date: 2026-02-14
volume: 9
number: 1
starting page: 265
ending page: 274
doi: 10.37329/cetta.v9i1.5165